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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho procurou realizar uma análise do direito a um julgamento justo em matéria criminal a partir de uma perspectiva baseada em fontes do direito internacional. Podemos separar este trabalho em dois planos. A primeira parte apresenta dispositivos relevantes dos instrumentos legislativos internacionais mais importantes que fazem alusão às características que compõem o direito a um julgamento justo. Optou-se por uma abordagem onde, em razão de sua relevância, o âmbito europeu ocupa um papel central em termos de legislações, jurisprudência e doutrina apresentadas. Não obstante, foram também apresentados, ainda que em menor grau, instrumentos relativos aos outros continentes e seus sistemas. Ainda no primeiro capítulo, foram abordadas algumas perspectivas acerca da proteção dos direitos humanos nos continentes que não possuem um sistema consagrado de proteção. A partir de uma base fomentada com a primeira parte da dissertação, a segunda parte desenvolve as garantias que fazem parte do direito a um julgamento justo. Nesse segundo capítulo, apresentamos primeiramente as garantias mais amplas, como o direito à igualdade e o direito a um tribunal independente, imparcial e competente, sendo que tais garantias apresentaram algumas subdivisões. Posteriormente, realizou-se referência a garantia de um processo com duração razoável, a presunção de inocência, o direito a um recurso efetivo, os princípios da legalidade e da retroatividade penal, a garantia de publicidade das audiências, o direito a uma audiência equitativa, a proibição do bis in idem, e por último o direito à intérprete. De forma geral, para a apresentação de algumas dessas garantias foi necessário conceituar outros pontos relevantes, como por exemplo, a separação dos poderes, no tocante a um tribunal independente e o direito a não auto-incriminação, que faz parte dos direitos de defesa que garantem uma audiência equitativa. Por fim, observa-se que o direito a um julgamento justo é uma garantia cuja conceituação pressupõe a apresentação de diversas outras garantias e conceitos para uma construção didática do tema.
This academic work tried to analyze the right to a fair trial in criminal matters from a perspective based on sources of international law. We can separate the present paper into two plans. The first part presents relevant provisions of the most important international legislative instruments that allude to the characteristics that make up the right to a fair trial. An approach has been chosen where, because of its relevance, the European scope plays a central role in terms of legislation, case law and doctrine. Nevertheless, instruments related to the other continents and their systems have also been presented, albeit to a lesser extent. Still in the first chapter, some perspectives on the protection of human rights in the continents that do no have a consecrated system of protection were approached. From a basis fostered with the first part of the dissertation, the second part develops the guarantees that form part of the right to a fair trial. In this second chapter, we first present the broader guarantees, such as the right to equality and the right to an independent, impartial and competent court, and these guarantees presented some subdivisions. Subsequently, reference was made to the right to a trial in reasonable time, the presumption of innocence, the right to an effective remedy, the principles of legality and retroactivity, the guarantee of publicity of hearings, the right to a fair hearing, the prohibition of bis in idem, and, at last, the right to an interpreter. In a general way, in order to provide some of these guarantees, it was necessary to define other relevant points, such as the separation of powers, as regards to an independent court, and the right to not self-incrimination, which forms part of the rights of defense guarantees at a fair hearing. Finally, it is observed that the right to a fair trial is a guarantee whose conceptualization presupposes the presentation of several other guarantees and concepts for a didactic construction of the theme.
This academic work tried to analyze the right to a fair trial in criminal matters from a perspective based on sources of international law. We can separate the present paper into two plans. The first part presents relevant provisions of the most important international legislative instruments that allude to the characteristics that make up the right to a fair trial. An approach has been chosen where, because of its relevance, the European scope plays a central role in terms of legislation, case law and doctrine. Nevertheless, instruments related to the other continents and their systems have also been presented, albeit to a lesser extent. Still in the first chapter, some perspectives on the protection of human rights in the continents that do no have a consecrated system of protection were approached. From a basis fostered with the first part of the dissertation, the second part develops the guarantees that form part of the right to a fair trial. In this second chapter, we first present the broader guarantees, such as the right to equality and the right to an independent, impartial and competent court, and these guarantees presented some subdivisions. Subsequently, reference was made to the right to a trial in reasonable time, the presumption of innocence, the right to an effective remedy, the principles of legality and retroactivity, the guarantee of publicity of hearings, the right to a fair hearing, the prohibition of bis in idem, and, at last, the right to an interpreter. In a general way, in order to provide some of these guarantees, it was necessary to define other relevant points, such as the separation of powers, as regards to an independent court, and the right to not self-incrimination, which forms part of the rights of defense guarantees at a fair hearing. Finally, it is observed that the right to a fair trial is a guarantee whose conceptualization presupposes the presentation of several other guarantees and concepts for a didactic construction of the theme.
Description
Keywords
Direito internacional Julgamento Justiça Direitos humanos Teses de mestrado - 2019