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Os limites do controle jurisdicional na formulação e implementação das políticas públicas da educação : o núcleo essencial como parâmetro justificador dessa intervenção
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Abstract(s)
Os direitos sociais, e aqui compreendido o direito à educação, dependem, em alguns aspectos e para sua efetivação, de planejamento e organização, estando condicionados à elaboração de programas e projetos com metas bem delineadas e que tenham o potencial de concretizar o direito de forma eficiente e eficaz. Esse planejamento, no contexto atual brasileiro e português, marcado por Constituições visivelmente programáticas, se concretiza não somente por meio da elaboração de leis, mas, especialmente, por intermédio de uma concatenação de atos e normas que compõem o complexo conceito de Política Pública. Nesse contexto, em que o direito à educação, à semelhança de outros direitos sociais, depende da formulação e da implementação de Políticas Públicas, não há como negar ao Poder Judiciário a avaliação dessas políticas, em especial de seus atos e normas, devendo-se, a par disso, traçar-se parâmetros para esse controle. O objetivo desta pesquisa é, portanto, propor um parâmetro de controle jurisdicional de políticas públicas da educação baseado, primordialmente, no núcleo essencial desse direito fundamental. Para tanto, dos tradicionais parâmetros de controle, como o Texto Constitucional e os princípios jurídico-constitucionais, especialmente interpretados de forma objetiva e de acordo com a necessidade sócio-econômica e o contexto atual que a realidade impõe, como a reserva do financeiramente possível, extrai-se a ideia de núcleo essencial da
educação. Esse núcleo, veja-se, acaba por funcionar como limite de intervenção do Poder Judiciário nessa temática, autorizando e fundamentando a avalição jurisdicional da política, e não excluindo os demais controles, social e administrativo. Esta pesquista também tem como intenção traçar uma estratégia de atuação do Poder Judiciário ao constatar a omissão do Poder Público na concretização de direito fundamentais dependentes de Políticas Públicas, sem que a separação dos poderes se veja ameaça ou malferida. Aliás, o controle jurisdicional de Políticas Públicas, nesse contexto, encontra limites e não deve estar dissociado do princípio democrático, do princípio da separação (ou divisão) dos poderes, dos princípios
jurídicoconstitucionais e princípios orçamentários e financeiros. Ao se imiscuir nessa esfera, o julgador não deve ignorar a realidade social e financeira, devendo buscar apoio técnico-contábil e dados estatísticos oficiais ou emitidos por instituições dotadas de credibilidade, tudo com o objetivo de avaliar e auxiliar na percepção de aspectos não jurídicos, relacionados, evidentemente, a outras nuances, não menos importantes, da Política Pública.
Social rights, and here comprised the right to education, depend upon, in some ways and for its realization, planning and organization, while subject to the creation of programs and projects with well outlined goals and the potential to materialise the right in an efficient and effective way. That planning, in brazilian and portuguese current background, characterized by visibly programmatic Constitutions, substantiates not only through the elaboration of laws, but, specially, through the concatenation of acts and rules that translates into the complex concept of Public Policies. In that context, where the right to education, as well as other social rights, depend upon the formulation and implementation of Public Policies, it is expected that the Judiciary Power evaluates those policies, specially its acts and rules, being essential to draw parameters for that control. The objective of this research is, therefore, to propose parameters to jurisdictional control of educational public policies based, primary, upon the core of this essential right. From the traditional jurisdictional control's parameters, such as the Constitution and its principles, objectively interpreted according to socio-economics needs and the current environment imposed by the reality, such as the principle of reserve for contingencies, this work drew the idea of the right to education's core. This core functions as a boundary to the Judiciary Power's interventions, authorizing and substantiating politics' jurisdictional evaluation, not excluding other controls: social and administrative. This research also intends to elaborate a strategy to Judiciary Power's perform, determining State's omission cases in achieving the essential rights dependable of Public Policies, without threatening the separation of powers. By the way, the jurisdictional control of Public Policies comes across boundaries and must not be dissociated from the democratic principle, the separation (or division) of powers, legal and constitutional principles and budget and financial principles. The judge must not ignore the social and financial reality, seeking accountable and technician support and official or, at least, realible statistic data to evaluate and aid understanding the non-legal aspects related to other nuances, not less importants, from Public Policy.
Social rights, and here comprised the right to education, depend upon, in some ways and for its realization, planning and organization, while subject to the creation of programs and projects with well outlined goals and the potential to materialise the right in an efficient and effective way. That planning, in brazilian and portuguese current background, characterized by visibly programmatic Constitutions, substantiates not only through the elaboration of laws, but, specially, through the concatenation of acts and rules that translates into the complex concept of Public Policies. In that context, where the right to education, as well as other social rights, depend upon the formulation and implementation of Public Policies, it is expected that the Judiciary Power evaluates those policies, specially its acts and rules, being essential to draw parameters for that control. The objective of this research is, therefore, to propose parameters to jurisdictional control of educational public policies based, primary, upon the core of this essential right. From the traditional jurisdictional control's parameters, such as the Constitution and its principles, objectively interpreted according to socio-economics needs and the current environment imposed by the reality, such as the principle of reserve for contingencies, this work drew the idea of the right to education's core. This core functions as a boundary to the Judiciary Power's interventions, authorizing and substantiating politics' jurisdictional evaluation, not excluding other controls: social and administrative. This research also intends to elaborate a strategy to Judiciary Power's perform, determining State's omission cases in achieving the essential rights dependable of Public Policies, without threatening the separation of powers. By the way, the jurisdictional control of Public Policies comes across boundaries and must not be dissociated from the democratic principle, the separation (or division) of powers, legal and constitutional principles and budget and financial principles. The judge must not ignore the social and financial reality, seeking accountable and technician support and official or, at least, realible statistic data to evaluate and aid understanding the non-legal aspects related to other nuances, not less importants, from Public Policy.
Description
Keywords
Educação Políticas públicas Controlo jurisdicional Teses de mestrado - 2017