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Efeito da suplementação hidropónica na fertilidade, condição corporal e peso de novilhas sujeitas a inseminação artificial a tempo fixo
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Resumo(s)
A produção animal contribui 14,5% para as emissões antropogénicas globais de gases de efeito estufa (GEE). As mudanças dos padrões climáticos apontam para uma diminuição da precipitação e um aumento da temperatura média em Portugal. A produção de forragem verde hidropónica (FVH) tem ganho algum destaque em regiões áridas e semiáridas. A nutrição animal apresenta um forte impacto na fertilidade. O objetivo do presente do trabalho experimental consistiu em comparar o efeito de duas dietas, com e sem suplementação hidropónica, na fertilidade, CC e peso de novilhas sujeitas a IATF. Deste modo, foram selecionadas 52 novilhas virgens e formados dois grupos: um grupo Controlo (dieta base, n=20) e um grupo Experimental (dieta base suplementada com FVH, n=32), tendo as fêmeas ingerido estas dietas durante um período de doze semanas. Na Análise experimental I, foi avaliado o efeito da suplementação da FVH na fertilidade. A taxa de conceção foi superior no grupo Controlo (33,3% vs 28,1%; controlo vs experimental), apesar de não terem sido encontradas diferenças significativas entre ambos (p>0.05). Em relação ao sucesso da IATF em função do peso vivo, no grupo Controlo verificou-se uma relação negativa entre as variáveis (p=0,010), enquanto no Experimental não se registou qualquer relação significativa entre as mesmas (p=0,056). A taxa de gestação por cobrição às quatro semanas após a entrada dos touros foi maior no grupo Experimental (82,6% vs 51,7%; experimental vs controlo), e a precocidade da gestação foi 69% mais elevada no grupo Experimental, apesar desta diferença não ter sido significativa (p>0,05). Foi ainda analisado o sucesso da IATF em função da resposta positiva do Estrotect™, tendo-se obtido um maior valor no grupo Controlo (41,7% vs 31%; controlo vs experimental), apesar de não haver uma diferença significativa (p>0,05). Na análise experimental II, foi avaliado o efeito das dietas controlo e experimental na evolução da condição corporal (CC), não se tendo registado diferenças significativas entre as duas dietas (p >0,05). Na análise experimental III, foi avaliado o efeito das dietas controlo e experimental sobre o peso vivo das novilhas e, mais uma vez, não se verificou a existência de qualquer diferença significativa entre os dois grupos (p>0,05). Em conclusão, estes resultados indicam que nas condições do presente ensaio não se registaram diferenças significativas na fertilidade, CC e peso de novilhas suplementadas com FVH comparativamente a uma dieta padrão. No entanto, serão necessários mais estudos, com uma amostra maior, no sentido de comprovar os resultados agora apresentados
ABSTRACT - Effect of Hydroponic Supplementation on the Fertility, Body Condition and Weight of Heifers Submitted to Fixed Time Artificial Insemination - Livestock production contributes 14.5% to global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Changes in climate patterns point to a decrease in rainfall and an increase in average temperature in Portugal. The production of hydroponic green fodder (HGF) has gained some prominence in arid and semi-arid regions. Animal nutrition has a strong impact on fertility. The aim of this experimental study was to compare the effect of two diets, with and without hydroponic supplementation, on the fertility, body condition and weight of heifers subjected to FTAI. Thus, 52 virgin heifers were selected, and two groups were formed: a Control group (base diet, n=20) and an Experimental group (base diet supplemented with HGF, n=32), with the females eating these diets for a period of twelve weeks. In Experimental Analysis I, the effect of HGF supplementation on fertility was assessed. The conception rate was higher in the Control group (33.3% vs 28.1%; control vs experimental), although no significant differences were found between the two (p>0.05). About the success of FTAI as a function of live weight, in the Control group there was a negative relationship between the variables (p=0.010), while in the Experimental group there was no significant relationship between them (p=0.056). The pregnancy rate by mating at four weeks after the bulls were brought in was higher in the Experimental group (82.6% vs 51.7%; experimental vs control), and early pregnancy was 69% higher in the Experimental group, although this difference was not significant (p>0.05). The success of the FTAI was also analysed according to the positive response of Estrotect™, and a higher value was obtained in the Control group (41.7% vs 31%; control vs experimental), although there was no significant difference (p>0.05). In experimental analysis II, the effect of the control and experimental diets on the evolution of body condition (BC) was evaluated, and there were no significant differences between the two diets (p>0.05). In experimental analysis III, the effect of the control and experimental diets on the live weight of the heifers was evaluated and, once again, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that under the conditions of this trial there were no significant differences in the fertility, body condition and weight of heifers supplemented with FVH compared to a standard diet. However, further studies with a larger sample will be necessary to confirm these results
ABSTRACT - Effect of Hydroponic Supplementation on the Fertility, Body Condition and Weight of Heifers Submitted to Fixed Time Artificial Insemination - Livestock production contributes 14.5% to global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Changes in climate patterns point to a decrease in rainfall and an increase in average temperature in Portugal. The production of hydroponic green fodder (HGF) has gained some prominence in arid and semi-arid regions. Animal nutrition has a strong impact on fertility. The aim of this experimental study was to compare the effect of two diets, with and without hydroponic supplementation, on the fertility, body condition and weight of heifers subjected to FTAI. Thus, 52 virgin heifers were selected, and two groups were formed: a Control group (base diet, n=20) and an Experimental group (base diet supplemented with HGF, n=32), with the females eating these diets for a period of twelve weeks. In Experimental Analysis I, the effect of HGF supplementation on fertility was assessed. The conception rate was higher in the Control group (33.3% vs 28.1%; control vs experimental), although no significant differences were found between the two (p>0.05). About the success of FTAI as a function of live weight, in the Control group there was a negative relationship between the variables (p=0.010), while in the Experimental group there was no significant relationship between them (p=0.056). The pregnancy rate by mating at four weeks after the bulls were brought in was higher in the Experimental group (82.6% vs 51.7%; experimental vs control), and early pregnancy was 69% higher in the Experimental group, although this difference was not significant (p>0.05). The success of the FTAI was also analysed according to the positive response of Estrotect™, and a higher value was obtained in the Control group (41.7% vs 31%; control vs experimental), although there was no significant difference (p>0.05). In experimental analysis II, the effect of the control and experimental diets on the evolution of body condition (BC) was evaluated, and there were no significant differences between the two diets (p>0.05). In experimental analysis III, the effect of the control and experimental diets on the live weight of the heifers was evaluated and, once again, there was no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that under the conditions of this trial there were no significant differences in the fertility, body condition and weight of heifers supplemented with FVH compared to a standard diet. However, further studies with a larger sample will be necessary to confirm these results
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica de Clínica
Palavras-chave
Hidroponia Fertilidade Condição corporal Peso Protocolos Hydroponics Fertility Body Condition Weight Protocols
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Brito LAGCT. 2024. Efeito da suplementação hidropónica na fertilidade, condição corporal e peso de novilhas sujeitas a inseminação artificial a tempo fixo [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária