Publicação
The role of infectious diseases in the development of aortic aneurysms
| datacite.subject.fos | Ciências Médicas | pt_PT |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Solano, Joana Fernandes | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kantelal, Jimite Jayant | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-04-23T13:03:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-04-23T13:03:49Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2019 | |
| dc.description | Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2019 | pt_PT |
| dc.description.abstract | As doenças cardiovasculares são a principal causa de morte nos países desenvolvidos. Neste sentido, com uma incidência cada vez maior, o aneurisma da aorta é uma dilatação crónica da aorta (normalmente com um diâmetro >3cm) e distinguem-se em torácico e abdominal, consoante a localização da dilatação. A localização mais frequente é a abdominal, mais especificamente na região infra-renal, enquanto o aneurisma da aorta torácica ascendente sucede a primeira. Os aneurismas da aorta são frequentemente associados à doença aterosclerótica. No entanto, através de estudo de perfis genéticos estabeleceu-se que são entidades clínicas completamente distintas, com fisiopatologias divergentes e com apresentações e clínica diferente. Os fatores de risco para a doença são o tabagismo, a dislipidémia e história familiar da doença, onde se podem também incluir síndromes genéticos, embora os aneurismas idiopáticos sejam os mais frequentes. A complicação mais importante desta patologia é a progressão para a dissecção da aorta, na qual a mortalidade chega a atingir 80% dos casos. Contudo, o diagnóstico é normalmente acidental e a doença permanece assintomática até atingir estádios avançados. | pt_PT |
| dc.description.abstract | Aortic aneurysms are a potentially fatal cardiovascular disease in the event of aortic dissection, in spite of remaining largely asymptomatic during its clinical course. The main presentation of both thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysms is the sporadic form, where it is usually accidentally diagnosed. The aortic wall has typically an infiltration of large macrophage and T lymphocyte populations present in the adventitia and the media that is thought to lead to medial degeneration. However, the pathophysiology for development of the disease is still unclear and findings regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms are often divergent. Functional characterization of inflammatory cells and genotyping of tissue samples from patients with aneurysmal disease show data that could potentially suggest an underlying role for infectious diseases. Despite being regarded as a degenerative disease, the upregulation of certain inflammatory mediators and pathways can be paired with those that obligate intracellular pathogens like Chlamydia pneumoniae and Cytomegalovirus trigger. This review focuses on the current knowledge concerning the roles of macrophage and T lymphocytes in the development of aortic aneurysms and bridges this with the implications that infectious agents have on these inflammatory cells and the pathways present in their activation and function. Evidence is shown on how intracellular pathogens purposely modulate immune system responses so as to improve survival and replication conditions, creating a microenvironment in the aortic wall that corresponds with the known aneurysmal pathobiology. It is therefore proposed that infectious agents can play a critical role in the development of aneurysmal disease. | pt_PT |
| dc.identifier.tid | 202415228 | pt_PT |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10451/43105 | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Aneurisma da aorta | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Chlamydia pneumoniae | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Citomegalovírus | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Macrófagos | pt_PT |
| dc.subject | Linfócitos T | pt_PT |
| dc.title | The role of infectious diseases in the development of aortic aneurysms | pt_PT |
| dc.type | master thesis | |
| dspace.entity.type | Publication | |
| rcaap.rights | embargoedAccess | pt_PT |
| rcaap.type | masterThesis | pt_PT |
| thesis.degree.name | Mestrado Integrado em Medicina | pt_PT |