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Avaliação in vitro de estratégias antimicrobianas inovadoras para controlo de otites externas por Pseudomonas aeruginosa no cão
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Autores
Resumo(s)
O desenvolvimento e disseminação de microrganismos resistentes a antimicrobianos
causados pelo uso inadequado desses compostos é uma grande preocupação de saúde
pública, pressionando para o desenvolvimento de novas estratégias terapêuticas.
A otite externa (OE) é uma das doenças dermatológicas mais comumente
diagnosticadas em cães, tendo uma etiologia multifatorial. Entre os agentes bacterianos mais
frequentemente associados à OE canina, Pseudomonas aeruginosa é de especial
preocupação, devido ao seu frequente perfil de multirresistências e notável capacidade de
formar biofilmes, estruturas que tornam os tratamentos desafiadores e propiciam para a
cronicidade e recorrência das infeções. O aumento da prevalência de resistência
antimicrobiana entre bactérias em cães com OE leva à necessidade de se encontrar novos
agentes terapêuticos, incluindo o uso de óleos essenciais ou géis contendo péptidos
antimicrobianos, como o Peptivet®.
O objetivo principal deste estudo foi comparar a eficácia de diferentes antimicrobianos
no controlo da OE canina de P. aeruginosa, incluindo Gentamicina, um antibiótico
convencional, e Peptivet® e Óleo Essencial de Lavanda (OEL), duas estratégias
antimicrobianas inovadoras. O outro objetivo foi avaliar o impacto do cerúmen canino na
atividade inibitória do Peptivet® com o objetivo de avaliar se esta é mantida em condições
que melhor mimetizem as OE in vivo, dado que o cerúmen e o conteúdo lipídico, que estão
alterados na OE, podem influenciar a penetração e ação de compostos antimicrobianos.
Dos antimicrobianos avaliados, o OEL apresentou a maior eficácia após 30 minutos
de incubação, demonstrando capacidade de inibir e erradicar os biofilmes formados por 61,5%
dos isolados em estudo, e a Gentamicina apresentou a maior eficácia após 24 horas de
incubação, demonstrando capacidade para inibir e erradicar biofilmes formados por 100% dos
isolados em estudo. O Peptivet® apresentou a menor eficácia, tendo sido aproximadamente
metade da eficácia do OEL após 30 minutos de incubação.
Os resultados deste estudo indicam que o Óleo Essencial de Lavanda avaliado pode
ser considerado uma alternativa inovadora com grande potencial para o tratamento e
prevenção da OE causada por P. aeruginosa em cães, sugerindo a necessidade de continuar
esta linha de investigação com o objetivo da sua utilização futura em contexto clínico.
ABSTRACT - In vitro evaluation of innovative antimicrobial approaches aiming at controlling otitis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs - The development and spread of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms caused by the inappropriate use of these compounds is a major public health concern, pressing for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Otitis externa (OE) is one of the most commonly diagnosed dermatological diseases in dogs, having a multifactorial etiology. Among the most frequent bacterial agents associated with canine OE, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of special concern, due to its frequent multidrug resistance profile and its remarkable ability to form biofilms, structures that make treatments challenging and predispose to the chronicity and recurrence of infections. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria in dogs with OE leads to the need to find new therapeutic agents including the use of Essential Oils or gels containing antimicrobial peptides, such as Peptivet®. The main objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial potential of different antimicrobials to control P. aeruginosa canine OE, including Gentamicin, a conventional antibiotic, and Peptivet® and Lavanda Essential Oil (OEL), two innovative antimicrobial strategies. The other objective was to assess the impact of canine cerumen on the inhibitory activity of Peptivet®, aiming at evaluating if its inhibitory potential is maintained in conditions which better mimic the ears in vivo environment, since the skin cerumen and lipid content, which are altered in ears with otitis, may influence the penetration and action of antimicrobial compounds. Of the antimicrobials evaluated, the ones that showed the best effectiveness were Lavender Essential Oil after 30 minutes incubation, which demonstrated the ability to inhibit and eradicate the biofilms formed by 61.5% of the isolates under study, and Gentamicin after 24 hours incubation, which demonstrated the ability to inhibit and eradicate biofilms formed by 100% of the isolates under study. Peptivet® had the lowest effectiveness, having approximately half the effectiveness of the oil after 30 minutes of incubation. The results of this study indicate that the evaluated Lavender Essential Oil can be considered an innovative alternative with great potential for the treatment and prevention of external otitis caused by P. aeruginosa in dogs, suggesting the need to continue this line of research in terms of its future use in a clinical context.
ABSTRACT - In vitro evaluation of innovative antimicrobial approaches aiming at controlling otitis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs - The development and spread of antimicrobial resistant microorganisms caused by the inappropriate use of these compounds is a major public health concern, pressing for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Otitis externa (OE) is one of the most commonly diagnosed dermatological diseases in dogs, having a multifactorial etiology. Among the most frequent bacterial agents associated with canine OE, Pseudomonas aeruginosa is of special concern, due to its frequent multidrug resistance profile and its remarkable ability to form biofilms, structures that make treatments challenging and predispose to the chronicity and recurrence of infections. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among bacteria in dogs with OE leads to the need to find new therapeutic agents including the use of Essential Oils or gels containing antimicrobial peptides, such as Peptivet®. The main objective of this study was to compare the antimicrobial potential of different antimicrobials to control P. aeruginosa canine OE, including Gentamicin, a conventional antibiotic, and Peptivet® and Lavanda Essential Oil (OEL), two innovative antimicrobial strategies. The other objective was to assess the impact of canine cerumen on the inhibitory activity of Peptivet®, aiming at evaluating if its inhibitory potential is maintained in conditions which better mimic the ears in vivo environment, since the skin cerumen and lipid content, which are altered in ears with otitis, may influence the penetration and action of antimicrobial compounds. Of the antimicrobials evaluated, the ones that showed the best effectiveness were Lavender Essential Oil after 30 minutes incubation, which demonstrated the ability to inhibit and eradicate the biofilms formed by 61.5% of the isolates under study, and Gentamicin after 24 hours incubation, which demonstrated the ability to inhibit and eradicate biofilms formed by 100% of the isolates under study. Peptivet® had the lowest effectiveness, having approximately half the effectiveness of the oil after 30 minutes of incubation. The results of this study indicate that the evaluated Lavender Essential Oil can be considered an innovative alternative with great potential for the treatment and prevention of external otitis caused by P. aeruginosa in dogs, suggesting the need to continue this line of research in terms of its future use in a clinical context.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Otite Externa Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gentamicina Óleo Essencial de Lavanda Peptivet® Otitis Externa Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gentamicin Essential Oils Peptivet®
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Sousa AFM. 2021. Avaliação in vitro de estratégias antimicrobianas inovadoras para controlo de otites externas por Pseudomonas aeruginosa no cão [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária