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Design de comunicação e a perturbação de hiperatividade e o défice de atenção
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A perturbação de hiperatividade e défice de atenção (PHDA) começa por manifestar os seus sintomas desde muito cedo, mais concretamente, a partir da fase pré-escolar e caracterizase pelo desenvolvimento de níveis inapropriados de desatenção, impulsividade e hiperatividade, comparativamente com indivíduos da mesma idade ou grau de desenvolvimento.
As características comportamentais presentes nas crianças com PHDA, causam impactos negativos quer em ambiente escolar, como familiar, trazendo problemas de insucesso escolar, dificuldades de organização e/ou planeamento de tarefas e manter atenção ao que é pedido. Consequentemente, surgem dificuldades de relacionamento
com os outros, tanto com familiares como com colegas escolares e/ou professores o que conduz frequentemente ao isolamento e baixa autoestima.
Os recursos qualificados e materiais utilizados como intervenção na PHDA, sejam de âmbito clínico, educacional, ou em casa, são escassos e pouco abrangentes, no entanto as técnicas que têm sido criadas e adotadas pelos profissionais de saúde mostram resultados positivos na melhoria do comportamento destas crianças.
Desta forma, este estudo pretende através das capacidades do design de comunicação, desenvolver objetos que possam ser integrados no plano multimodal das crianças com PHDA, podendo ser utilizados em âmbito de consulta de psicologia, na escola ou em casa, sempre com a monotorização dos agentes de educação, com
o objetivo de melhorar os sintomas e a vida das crianças com PHDA entre os 6 e os 10 anos de idade.
Assim, desenvolveu-se um projeto, composto por 2 objetos que pretende trabalhar a impulsividade, desatenção, irrequietude psicomotora e motivação nas crianças com PHDA, podendo, também, ser utilizado por crianças que não tenham sido diagnosticadas com a perturbação, mas onde os sintomas e problemáticas do comportamento descritos estejam presentes. Na finalização da investigação, obteve-se um projeto que responde às necessidades dos utilizadores, auxiliando e melhorando na gestão dos seus comportamentos e emoções, obtendo-se um conjunto de
objetos didáticos e interativos.
ABSTRACT: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reveal its symptoms clearly in a very early stage, more precisely, from the kindergarten. Its characteristics’ can be noticed through the development of inappropriate levels of inattentiveness, impulsivity and hyperactivity in comparison to individuals of the same age or degree of development. The behavioral characteristics of children with ADHD conduct to negative impacts in educational environment and familiar context leading to problems in school achievement as well as difficulties in organization and planning of tasks besides capacity to be focus in the requested. In addition to this fact, difficulties ascend in interpersonal relations within family and educational scope that might lead to isolation and low self-esteem. The convectional resources and techniques adopted in PHDA’s intervention whether clinical, educational or familiar context fail to provide a global and adequate comprehensive to the health condition. However new techniques created and adopted by health professionals highpoint positive results in improving the behavior of these children. Furthermore, the aim of this study is to develop a methodology associated with brand new techniques that can be used psychology consultation for multidisciplinary contexts related to children with ADHD. It is based in the capacities of the communication design that can be integrated in the multimodal learning plan of the children with ADHD. The innovative approach can provide adequate monitoring to the educational agents to restrain the symptoms and life of children with ADHD between 6 and 10 years of age. According to these premises a project was developed, consisting of two items that intend to work the impulsiveness, inattention, abnormal psychomotor activity and motivation in children with ADHD. Its intention is to be used by children who have not been diagnosed with the disorder but disclose the behavioral problems associated with ADHD. As a result of this a project including new techniques has been designed to meet the needs of the users through the contribution in improving behavior and emotional management by obtaining a set of didactic and interactive items.
ABSTRACT: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) reveal its symptoms clearly in a very early stage, more precisely, from the kindergarten. Its characteristics’ can be noticed through the development of inappropriate levels of inattentiveness, impulsivity and hyperactivity in comparison to individuals of the same age or degree of development. The behavioral characteristics of children with ADHD conduct to negative impacts in educational environment and familiar context leading to problems in school achievement as well as difficulties in organization and planning of tasks besides capacity to be focus in the requested. In addition to this fact, difficulties ascend in interpersonal relations within family and educational scope that might lead to isolation and low self-esteem. The convectional resources and techniques adopted in PHDA’s intervention whether clinical, educational or familiar context fail to provide a global and adequate comprehensive to the health condition. However new techniques created and adopted by health professionals highpoint positive results in improving the behavior of these children. Furthermore, the aim of this study is to develop a methodology associated with brand new techniques that can be used psychology consultation for multidisciplinary contexts related to children with ADHD. It is based in the capacities of the communication design that can be integrated in the multimodal learning plan of the children with ADHD. The innovative approach can provide adequate monitoring to the educational agents to restrain the symptoms and life of children with ADHD between 6 and 10 years of age. According to these premises a project was developed, consisting of two items that intend to work the impulsiveness, inattention, abnormal psychomotor activity and motivation in children with ADHD. Its intention is to be used by children who have not been diagnosed with the disorder but disclose the behavioral problems associated with ADHD. As a result of this a project including new techniques has been designed to meet the needs of the users through the contribution in improving behavior and emotional management by obtaining a set of didactic and interactive items.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Design, com a especialização em de Comunicação apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Palavras-chave
Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção Design de comunicação Design de Interação Perturbação de Hiperatividade e Défice de Atenção; Design de Comunicação; Design de Interação; Crianças Crianças
Contexto Educativo
Citação
LEAL, Daniela Filipa Lopes - Design de comunicação e a perturbação de hiperatividade e o défice de atenção : o jogo e materiais para crianças dos 6 aos 10 anos. - Lisboa : FA, 2017.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Arquitetura