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Publication
Institucionalização de alienados em Portugal : o hospital Conde de Ferreira (1883-1910) : discursos e práticas assistênciais
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Authors
Abstract(s)
O estudo da assistência aos alienados tem merecido, por parte da comunidade
historiográfica, um crescente interesse. Todavia, são diminutos os trabalhos que incidam
em particular sobre as instituições que de forma exclusiva prestavam cuidados a esta
população. Considerando relevante o papel do Hospital de Alienados do Conde de
Ferreira, primeira instituição a ser criada de raiz em Portugal para o tratamento de doenças
mentais, encetámos um estudo que, alicerçado na análise de diversas fontes coevas da
cronologia adotada, nos permitiu, por um lado, estudar o discurso produzido nesta
temática e, por outro, a sua tradução nas práticas assistenciais proporcionadas aos
alienados, tendo como exemplo o hospital supra citado.
A nossa investigação procura contribuir para o aprofundamento do conhecimento
do início do processo de institucionalização dos alienados em Portugal, tendo em
consideração as teorias científicas e filosóficas subjacentes bem como o papel
desempenhado pelo Hospital Conde de Ferreira.
Numa fase inicial deste estudo, as nossas pesquisas incidiram sobre o
entendimento dos alienistas portugueses acerca do panorama assistencial europeu no que
aos alienados dizia respeito, procurando influências na construção de um paradigma
assistencial português. Posteriormente considerámos pertinente aludirmos a Joaquim
Ferreira dos Santos, cuja obra de filantropia permitiu a construção do novo hospital, não
esquecendo a evolução das suas infraestruturas. Os contributos científicos de António
Maria de Sena e Júlio de Matos foram estudados com o objetivo de apreendermos o seu
pensamento e a forma como o mesmo influiu na sua administração do HCF. Os
regulamentos da instituição, dada a sua importância no funcionamento quotidiano do
hospital, mereceram igualmente a nossa atenção bem como o seu efetivo cumprimento.
Relevante mostrou-se também o estudo que efetuámos no sentido de conhecermos a
população internada no hospital portuense bem como a sua atividade assistencial tendo
em conta os recursos terapêuticos utilizados.
Percebemos ao longo do nosso estudo que, embora os responsáveis pela
instituição pautassem muitos dos seus discursos por uma elevada excelência das práticas
assistenciais instituídas, a realidade quotidiana nem sempre confirmava tais desígnios.
The alienated assistance study is a growing interest in the historiographic community. However, there are few studies that focus on institutions that took on this population exclusively. The Conde de Ferreira Hospital for the alienated was the first institution established specifically for the treatment of mental illness. This study, supported by the analysis of many sources contemporaneous of the adopted chronology, has allowed us to analyze the work of the many leaders in the field and how it manifested in the clinical practices provided to the alienated in this institution. Our research aims to contribute to a greater depth in knowledge of the beginning of the institutionalization of the alienated in Portugal, taking into account the underlying scientific and philosophical theories as well as the role played by Conde de Ferreira Hospital. In an initial phase of this study, our research focused on the Portuguese Alienists’ understanding of the European welfare paradigm, and the search for influences in the construction of the Portuguese welfare organization. Subsequently we considered it pertinent to reference Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, whose philanthropy allowed the construction of the new hospital, never forgetting the evolution of its facilities. Other figures, such as António Maria de Sena and Júlio de Matos were also studied with the intent of analyzing their scientific thought and the way it influenced their administration of the HCF. The institution’s standards and compliance were also taken into account given its importance in the operation of the hospital. We also considered it relevant to study the inpatient population at the hospital as well as caregiver practices and activity, taking into account the therapeutic resources used. Throughout our study, we realized that, although those responsible for the institution claimed the excellence of the instituted practices of care, daily reality did not always match these statements.
The alienated assistance study is a growing interest in the historiographic community. However, there are few studies that focus on institutions that took on this population exclusively. The Conde de Ferreira Hospital for the alienated was the first institution established specifically for the treatment of mental illness. This study, supported by the analysis of many sources contemporaneous of the adopted chronology, has allowed us to analyze the work of the many leaders in the field and how it manifested in the clinical practices provided to the alienated in this institution. Our research aims to contribute to a greater depth in knowledge of the beginning of the institutionalization of the alienated in Portugal, taking into account the underlying scientific and philosophical theories as well as the role played by Conde de Ferreira Hospital. In an initial phase of this study, our research focused on the Portuguese Alienists’ understanding of the European welfare paradigm, and the search for influences in the construction of the Portuguese welfare organization. Subsequently we considered it pertinent to reference Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos, whose philanthropy allowed the construction of the new hospital, never forgetting the evolution of its facilities. Other figures, such as António Maria de Sena and Júlio de Matos were also studied with the intent of analyzing their scientific thought and the way it influenced their administration of the HCF. The institution’s standards and compliance were also taken into account given its importance in the operation of the hospital. We also considered it relevant to study the inpatient population at the hospital as well as caregiver practices and activity, taking into account the therapeutic resources used. Throughout our study, we realized that, although those responsible for the institution claimed the excellence of the instituted practices of care, daily reality did not always match these statements.
Description
Keywords
Santos, Joaquim Ferreira dos, 1782-1866 Sena, António Maria de, 1845-1890 Matos, Júlio de, 1856-1922 Centro Hospitalar Conde de Ferreira (Porto, Portugal) - História Hospitais psiquiátricos - Porto (Portugal) Saúde mental - Portugal - séc.19-20 Doenças mentais - Terapêutica - Portugal - séc.19-20 Psiquiatria - Portugal - séc.19-20 Teses de doutoramento - 2019