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Vinculação e afeto positivo e negativo em crianças de idade escolar : perceção parental
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O presente estudo incide sobre a perceção parental da vinculação e do afeto positivo e negativo da criança. Pretende-se: determinar se um grupo de mães e um grupo de pais de crianças em idade escolar se distinguem na perceção da vinculação da criança e na perceção do afeto positivo e do afeto negativo; analisar a relação da vinculação com o afeto positivo e com o afeto negativo nos dois grupos; analisar a relação destas duas dimensões com variáveis da criança (sexo e idade). A vinculação foi avaliada com a versão de heteroavaliação do Inventário sobre a Vinculação na Infância e na Adolescência (IVIA) e o afeto (positivo e negativo) através da versão reduzida portuguesa do Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS – C-P), recorrendo-se ainda a um questionário para recolha de informação sociodemográfica dos pais e das crianças-alvo. No estudo participaram 51 mães e 51 pais (grupos emparelhados), tendo as crianças-alvo idades entre os 6 e os 12 anos. Os resultados mostraram que as mães e os pais se distinguem na vinculação (evitante), mas o resultado é apenas marginalmente significativo, distinguindo-se, no entanto, de forma significativa no afeto positivo. Nos dois grupos, a vinculação segura associou-se positivamente com o afeto positivo e negativamente com o afeto negativo, associando-se ainda a vinculação evitante com o afeto positivo (correlação negativa), não obstante o resultado ser marginalmente significativo no grupo de mães. No grupo de pais ocorreram igualmente associações da vinculação ansiosa/ambivalente com o afeto positivo (correlação negativa) e com o afeto negativo (correlação positiva). Face à relação com as variáveis da criança, verificou-se que a idade se relacionou (positivamente) com o afeto positivo (grupo de mães) e com a vinculação evitante (grupo de pais), mas neste caso apenas de forma tendencial.
The present study focuses on the parental perception of attachment and the positive and negative affect of the child. The aims are as follows: to determine whether a group of mothers and a group of fathers of school-aged children differ in their perception of the child's attachment and positive and negative affect; to analyze the relationship between attachment and positive and negative affect in both groups; to analyze the relationship of both these dimensions with child variables (age and gender). Attachment was evaluated with the hetero-evaluation version of the Inventory on Attachment in Childhood and Adolescence (IVIA) while affect (positive and negative) was assessed with the Portuguese short version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS – C-P). A questionnaire for collecting sociodemographic information on the parents and target children was also used. 51 mothers and 51 fathers (paired groups) participated in the study; the target children were aged between 6 to 12 years. The results showed that mothers and fathers differed in attachment (avoidant), however the result was only marginally significant, while a significant difference was observed in positive affect. In both groups, secure attachment was positively associated with positive affect and negatively associated with negative affect. Furthermore, avoidant attachment was associated with positive affect (negative correlation), however the result was marginally significant in the group of mothers. Additionally, in the group of fathers associations of anxious/ambivalent attachment with both positive (negative correlation) and negative (positive correlation) affect were observed. Regarding the relationship with child variables, age was associated (positively) with positive affect (group of mothers) and avoidant attachment (group of fathers), however in the latter only in a tendential manner.
The present study focuses on the parental perception of attachment and the positive and negative affect of the child. The aims are as follows: to determine whether a group of mothers and a group of fathers of school-aged children differ in their perception of the child's attachment and positive and negative affect; to analyze the relationship between attachment and positive and negative affect in both groups; to analyze the relationship of both these dimensions with child variables (age and gender). Attachment was evaluated with the hetero-evaluation version of the Inventory on Attachment in Childhood and Adolescence (IVIA) while affect (positive and negative) was assessed with the Portuguese short version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS – C-P). A questionnaire for collecting sociodemographic information on the parents and target children was also used. 51 mothers and 51 fathers (paired groups) participated in the study; the target children were aged between 6 to 12 years. The results showed that mothers and fathers differed in attachment (avoidant), however the result was only marginally significant, while a significant difference was observed in positive affect. In both groups, secure attachment was positively associated with positive affect and negatively associated with negative affect. Furthermore, avoidant attachment was associated with positive affect (negative correlation), however the result was marginally significant in the group of mothers. Additionally, in the group of fathers associations of anxious/ambivalent attachment with both positive (negative correlation) and negative (positive correlation) affect were observed. Regarding the relationship with child variables, age was associated (positively) with positive affect (group of mothers) and avoidant attachment (group of fathers), however in the latter only in a tendential manner.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2017
Palavras-chave
Vinculação Afetividade (Psicologia) Idade escolar Mães Pais Teses de mestrado - 2017