A carregar...
Publicação
Contracepção, diagnóstico pré-natal e responsabilidade civil do médico : em torno das ações por concepção indevida e por nascimento de criança deficiente (wrongful conception, wrongful birth, wrongful life)
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
O amadurecimento do ordenamento jurídico Português tem impactado diversos estudos específicos no direito, não tendo a área médica ficado de fora. As intensas transformações na vida em sociedade, provocadas pelo avanço tecnológico e da medicina repercutem diretamente no instituto da responsabilidade civil do médico. Nas últimas décadas, a tecnologia na área médica deu um grande salto, o que possibilita aos médicos fazer diagnósticos até mesmo antes da concepção da vida, ou seja, na fase pré-natal. Assim, devido ao avanço é possível ao esculápio aconselhar geneticamente ao seu paciente, de acordo com o estudo do caso, para que este receba o melhor tratamento possível, de acordo com a sua vontade. Contudo, nem sempre esses aconselhamentos saem conforme o esperado pelos progenitores ou até mesmo a criança nascida, que possua algum tipo de malformação, por exemplo. Por isso, o instituto da responsabilidade civil se faz tão relevante nesta seara. Desta forma, quando ocorrem problemas com a prática médica e o diagnóstico realizado no pré-natal (DPN), é cabível a vítima ou aos familiares o ajuizamento de ação para pleitear possível reparação. No âmbito da medicina reprodutiva, inúmeras são as possibilidades de ocorrência de má conduta que podem ocorrer desde o momento do diagnóstico precoce até ao da realização do tratamento. Analisando-se os casos concretos, muitas demandas se dão por conta de concepção não desejada (wrongful conception) ou até mesmo pela realização do procedimento do parto, quando o nascimento era indesejado pelo fato do nascituro ser portador de mal formações ou deficiências (wrongful birth). Nos casos em que ocorre o nascimento com malformações ou deficiência (wrongful life), a princípio, o próprio filho(a) possui a legitimidade ativa para, querendo, ajuizar ação reparatória no âmbito civil pelos danos que julgue devidos. Ressalta-se que, muito embora as deficiências ou malformações não sejam decorrentes de qualquer conduta médica, haja vista tratar-se de condições genéticas apresentadas pelas pacientes, no entanto, estes podem incorrer em erro por diversas formas. Noutro ponto, relevante se faz a análise jurisprudencial no âmbito do direito comparado, para que verifique os entendimentos e os impactos que estas decisões podem gerar em torno das ações por concepção indevida e por nascimento de criança deficiente.
The maturity of the Portuguese legal system has impacted several specific studies in law, with the medical field not being left out. The intense transformations in life in Society, caused by technological and medical advances, have direct repercussions on the institution of doctors` civil liability. In recente decades, technology in the medical field has made a huge lap, which allows doctors to make diagnoses even before life is conceived, that it, in the prenatal phase. Thus, due to advances, it is possible for the doctor to provide genetic advice to the patient, according to the case study, so that he receives the best possible treatment, according to the patient wishes. However, this advice does not always go as expected by the parentes or even the born child, who has some type of malformation, for example. That is why the institute of civil liability is so relevant in this área. Therefore, when problems occur with medical practice and the diagnosis carried out during prenatal care (DPN), it is up to the victim or family members to file na action to seek possible reparation. In the scope of reproductive medicine, there are countless possibilities for misconduct that occur from the moment of early diagnosis until the moment of treatment. Analyzing specific cases, many demands are due to unwanted conception (wronful conception) or even the performance of the birth procedure, when the birth was unwanted due to the fact that the unborn child has malformations or deficiencies (wrongful birth). In cases Where birth occrurs with malformations ou disabilities (wrongful life), in principle, the child himself/herself has the active legitimacy to, if he/she wishes, file a civil reparation action for the damages he/she deems due. It should be noted that, although the deficiencies or malformations are not the result of any medical conduct, given that they are genetic conditions presented by the patients, however, these can lead to errors in several ways. On another importante point, jurisprudential analysis is carried out within the scope of comparative law, to verify the understandings and impacts that these decisions can generate regarding actions due to improper conception and the birth of a disabled child.
The maturity of the Portuguese legal system has impacted several specific studies in law, with the medical field not being left out. The intense transformations in life in Society, caused by technological and medical advances, have direct repercussions on the institution of doctors` civil liability. In recente decades, technology in the medical field has made a huge lap, which allows doctors to make diagnoses even before life is conceived, that it, in the prenatal phase. Thus, due to advances, it is possible for the doctor to provide genetic advice to the patient, according to the case study, so that he receives the best possible treatment, according to the patient wishes. However, this advice does not always go as expected by the parentes or even the born child, who has some type of malformation, for example. That is why the institute of civil liability is so relevant in this área. Therefore, when problems occur with medical practice and the diagnosis carried out during prenatal care (DPN), it is up to the victim or family members to file na action to seek possible reparation. In the scope of reproductive medicine, there are countless possibilities for misconduct that occur from the moment of early diagnosis until the moment of treatment. Analyzing specific cases, many demands are due to unwanted conception (wronful conception) or even the performance of the birth procedure, when the birth was unwanted due to the fact that the unborn child has malformations or deficiencies (wrongful birth). In cases Where birth occrurs with malformations ou disabilities (wrongful life), in principle, the child himself/herself has the active legitimacy to, if he/she wishes, file a civil reparation action for the damages he/she deems due. It should be noted that, although the deficiencies or malformations are not the result of any medical conduct, given that they are genetic conditions presented by the patients, however, these can lead to errors in several ways. On another importante point, jurisprudential analysis is carried out within the scope of comparative law, to verify the understandings and impacts that these decisions can generate regarding actions due to improper conception and the birth of a disabled child.
Descrição
Direito e Ciência Jurídica
Palavras-chave
Contracepção Diagnóstico pré-natal Responsabilidade civil médica Concepção indevida Erro médico Teses de mestrado - 2026