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Padrões relacionais "tóxico-dependentes"
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O presente estudo tem como principal objectivo a caracterização de sujeitos
toxicodependentes relativamente às qualidades parentais e ao estilo de vinculação,
bem como, o estudo da relação entre ambas as variáveis. Para isso, constituíram-se
dois grupos, um formado por sujeitos toxicodependentes (N=31) e outro por sujeitos
não toxicodependentes (N=34). Na avaliação da qualidade parental recorreu-se ao
Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) e, na avaliação do estilo de vinculação utilizou-se
a Escala de Vinculação do Adulto (EVA). Para a recolha de informação específica, foi
construído um Questionário Sócio-Demográfico. Os resultados revelam que as
diferenças entre os grupos, na qualidade parental, podem ser explicadas pela variável
escolaridade. Relativamente às diferenças entre as variáveis relativas ao pai e à mãe, a
mãe aparece, em ambas as amostras, como um elemento mais preponderante, cuidador
e influente no percurso escolar dos sujeitos. No que se refere ao estilo de vinculação,
sujeitos toxicodependentes apresentam maior ansiedade de abandono e menor
confiança nos outros, havendo uma predominância de vinculações inseguras. Na
comparação da qualidade parental em sujeitos com vinculação segura e vinculação
insegura, as diferenças encontradas podem, novamente, ser explicadas pela variável
escolaridade. Este estudo vem enfatizar a importância da relação precoce e dos
padrões familiares na génese da toxicodependência e na construção de
relacionamentos futuros. As implicações clínicas deste trabalho reportam para a
prevenção primária, junto das famílias, onde se localiza o foco do problema e, para a
visão da escolaridade como promotora do corte simbiótico entre a mãe e a criança e
como factor protector do comportamento toxicodependente.
This study has as main objective the characterization of addict subjects concerning parental qualities and attachment style, as well as the study of the relationship between both variables. To do so, were built two groups, one of addict subjects (N = 31) and another by non addict subjects (N = 34). In evaluating the parental quality it was resort to the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and in the assessment of attachment style, we used the Adult Attachment Scale (VAS). To collect specific information, we built a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. The results show that the differences between the groups in parental quality may be explained by education. Regarding the differences between the variables related to father and mother, the mother appears in both samples, as an element more prominent, influential and caregiver in educational background of the subjects. With regard to attachment style, addict subjects have higher abandonment anxiety and lower trust in the others, with a predominance of insecure attachments. In the comparison of parental quality in subjects with secure attachment and insecure attachment, the differences may be explained again by education. This study has emphasized the importance of early relationship and family patterns in the genesis of addiction and to build future relationships. The clinical implications of this work relate to primary prevention in families, where is the focus of the problem and to the vision of education as a promoter of cutting symbiotic relationship between mother and child and as a protective factor of addict behavior.
This study has as main objective the characterization of addict subjects concerning parental qualities and attachment style, as well as the study of the relationship between both variables. To do so, were built two groups, one of addict subjects (N = 31) and another by non addict subjects (N = 34). In evaluating the parental quality it was resort to the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and in the assessment of attachment style, we used the Adult Attachment Scale (VAS). To collect specific information, we built a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. The results show that the differences between the groups in parental quality may be explained by education. Regarding the differences between the variables related to father and mother, the mother appears in both samples, as an element more prominent, influential and caregiver in educational background of the subjects. With regard to attachment style, addict subjects have higher abandonment anxiety and lower trust in the others, with a predominance of insecure attachments. In the comparison of parental quality in subjects with secure attachment and insecure attachment, the differences may be explained again by education. This study has emphasized the importance of early relationship and family patterns in the genesis of addiction and to build future relationships. The clinical implications of this work relate to primary prevention in families, where is the focus of the problem and to the vision of education as a promoter of cutting symbiotic relationship between mother and child and as a protective factor of addict behavior.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2010
Palavras-chave
Vinculação Toxicodependência Parentalidade Escolaridade Teses de mestrado - 2010