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Enquadramento: Na idade pré-escolar observam-se progressos significativos ao nível
do desenvolvimento de competências de autorregulação. Por outro lado, o sono é fulcral
para um desenvolvimento saudável das crianças. De acordo com a literatura, a
autorregulação e o sono possuem uma relação bidirecional. Os confinamentos por
COVID-19 têm, também, apresentado consequências no desenvolvimento das crianças.
Objetivos: Pretende-se caracterizar o nível de autorregulação e a quantidade e
qualidade do sono em crianças que frequentam a pré-escola, observar a evolução destas
dimensões durante o período de confinamento por COVID-19, e estudar a relação entre
as mesmas. Metodologia: A amostra é constituída por 294 crianças no primeiro
momento (M = 57,17 meses; DP = 10,30; 50,2% do sexo masculino) e 44 no segundo
momento (M = 60,93, DP = 7,88, 54,4% do sexo masculino). Foi administrada a tarefa
HTSK (Head-Toes-Knees-Shoulders), como medida de autorregulação, e um
questionário de heterorrelato, respondido pelos pais autonomamente, para avaliação
quantitativa e qualitativa do sono. Os dados foram recolhidos no início do ano de 2020,
antes do primeiro confinamento, e um ano depois. Resultados: A maioria das crianças
da amostra parece dormir o número de horas recomendadas para a faixa etária, e tem
uma boa qualidade de sono segundo os indicadores recolhidos. Foi observada uma
evolução positiva nas capacidades de autorregulação do primeiro para o segundo
momento de avaliação, mas não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente
significativas relativamente ao sono entre os dois momentos de avaliação, exceto no
número de horas da sesta. Adicionalmente, não foram observadas relações
estatisticamente significativas entre autorregulação e sono. Conclusões: Não são
descritas evoluções negativas em nenhuma das dimensões do primeiro momento para o
segundo momento de avaliação. Assim, os resultados sugerem que o confinamento não
teve um impacto negativo nas dimensões avaliadas em crianças em idade pré-escolar.
Background: The literature states significant progress in self-regulation skills development in preschool-aged children. On the other hand, sleep is central to the healthy development of children. According to the literature, self-regulation and sleep have a bidirectional relationship. Additionally, the COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on the development of children’s social and cognitive abilities. Objectives: We aim to characterize self-regulation levels and quantity and quality of sleep for children attending pre-school, observe both dimension's evolution during the COVID-19 lockdowns and study their relationship. Methodology: The sample is constituted by 294 preschool-aged children in the first moment of data collection (M = 57,17 months; DP = 10,30; 50,2% male) and 44 in the second moment (M = 60,93, SD = 7,88, 54,4% male). A self-regulation measure, the HTKS (head-toes-knees-shoulders) task, was administered to the child, and a questionnaire concerning socio-demographic data and information regarding child’s sleep was completed autonomously by the parents. The data was collected in the beginning of 2020, before the first lockdown due to COVID19, and one year after. Results: The majority of the children slept the number of recommended hours (10+ hours) for their age and had a good quality of sleep. Older children had a higher level of self-regulation. A positive evolution was noted for the self-regulation abilities from the first evaluation moment to the second, however, there were no significant statistical differences between the first and second moment of evaluation regarding sleep, apart from the number of nap hours. We did not observe any statistically associations between self-regulation and sleep. Conclusion: No negative evolution in both dimensions from the first moment of data collection to the second moment. Therefore, the results suggest that the lockdown due to COVID-19 did not have a negative impact on the dimensions evaluated during this period.
Background: The literature states significant progress in self-regulation skills development in preschool-aged children. On the other hand, sleep is central to the healthy development of children. According to the literature, self-regulation and sleep have a bidirectional relationship. Additionally, the COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on the development of children’s social and cognitive abilities. Objectives: We aim to characterize self-regulation levels and quantity and quality of sleep for children attending pre-school, observe both dimension's evolution during the COVID-19 lockdowns and study their relationship. Methodology: The sample is constituted by 294 preschool-aged children in the first moment of data collection (M = 57,17 months; DP = 10,30; 50,2% male) and 44 in the second moment (M = 60,93, SD = 7,88, 54,4% male). A self-regulation measure, the HTKS (head-toes-knees-shoulders) task, was administered to the child, and a questionnaire concerning socio-demographic data and information regarding child’s sleep was completed autonomously by the parents. The data was collected in the beginning of 2020, before the first lockdown due to COVID19, and one year after. Results: The majority of the children slept the number of recommended hours (10+ hours) for their age and had a good quality of sleep. Older children had a higher level of self-regulation. A positive evolution was noted for the self-regulation abilities from the first evaluation moment to the second, however, there were no significant statistical differences between the first and second moment of evaluation regarding sleep, apart from the number of nap hours. We did not observe any statistically associations between self-regulation and sleep. Conclusion: No negative evolution in both dimensions from the first moment of data collection to the second moment. Therefore, the results suggest that the lockdown due to COVID-19 did not have a negative impact on the dimensions evaluated during this period.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado, Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica Cognitivo-Comportamental Integrativa), 2022, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia
Palavras-chave
Autorregulação Sono Crianças em idade pré-escolar Pandemia Covid-19 Dissertações de mestrado - 2022
