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Abstract(s)
Esta tese examina de forma aprofundada as complexidades jurídicas relacionadas à exploração conjunta de recursos naturais transfronteiriços, mormente depósitos de hidrocarbonetos, com ênfase particular no Direito Internacional Público. Em um contexto global marcado por crescentes disputas territoriais, especialmente em áreas ricas em petróleo e gás, o estudo identifica e analisa três questões centrais que ilustram a complexidade do tema. A primeira questão investiga os mecanismos de resolução aplicáveis quando depósitos de petróleo são encontrados em zonas marítimas de reivindicações sobrepostas entre dois ou mais Estados. Neste âmbito, são exploradas as práticas internacionais, os acordos bilaterais e multilaterais, e as normas que buscam equilibrar os direitos de soberania e de exploração entre as nações envolvidas. A segunda questão aborda os desafios que surgem quando depósitos de hidrocarbonetos estão situados entre a plataforma continental de um Estado e a área, conforme definida pela CNUDM. Esta análise é fundamental para compreender as restrições jurídicas impostas e as possibilidades de cooperação internacional para a exploração conjunta, respeitando os princípios de equidade e a certeza jurídica. O contributo mais inovador desta pesquisa reside na análise dos regimes jurídicos aplicáveis à exploração de depósitos de hidrocarbonetos comuns localizados em zonas de sobreposição ou reivindicação dentro de lagos internacionais. Este aspecto, ainda pouco explorado na doutrina jurídica, oferece uma nova perspectiva sobre a gestão de recursos em contextos de soberania compartilhada em corpos d’água internacionais. A experiência dos Grandes Lagos Africanos é ricamente analisada neste estudo. A tese baseia-se em uma análise detalhada da lex petrolea e sua relação com o Direito do Mar, construindo um quadro jurídico integrado que examina as intersecções entre as normas específicas da indústria petrolífera e os princípios mais amplos que orientam o uso e a exploração dos mares e oceanos. Esse enfoque proporciona uma compreensão mais ampla e detalhada das soluções jurídicas disponíveis para a gestão de recursos transfronteiriços. Ao final, esta tese busca não apenas descrever as normas e práticas vigentes, mas também propor soluções jurídicas inovadoras que possam orientar a resolução de futuras disputas sobre recursos naturais transfronteiriços. Com isso, espera-se contribuir para o fortalecimento de um regime jurídico internacional mais coeso e eficaz, apto a enfrentar os desafios contemporâneos na gestão e exploração de recursos naturais.
This thesis provides an in-depth examination of the legal complexities associated with the joint exploitation of transboundary natural resources, particularly hydrocarbon deposits, with a specific focus on Public International Law. In a global context marked by increasing territorial disputes, especially in areas rich in oil and gas, the study identifies and analyzes three central issues that illustrate the complexity of the subject. The first issue investigates the applicable resolution mechanisms when oil deposits are found in maritime zones with overlapping claims between two or more States. In this context, the study explores international practices, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and norms that seek to balance sovereignty and exploitation rights among the involved nations. The second issue addresses the challenges that arise when hydrocarbon deposits are situated between a State’s continental shelf and the Area, as defined by UNCLOS. This analysis is crucial for understanding the legal constraints and possibilities for international cooperation in joint exploitation, respecting principles of equity and legal certainty. The most innovative contribution of this research lies in its analysis of the legal regimes applicable to the exploitation of hydrocarbon deposits located in areas of overlap or claims within international lakes. This aspect, still underexplored in legal doctrine, offers a new perspective on resource management in contexts of shared sovereignty over international bodies of water. The experience of the African Great Lakes is richly analyzed in this study. The thesis is based on a detailed analysis of *lex petrolea* and its relationship with the Law of the Sea, constructing an integrated legal framework that examines the intersections between the specific norms of the petroleum industry and the broader principles governing the use and exploitation of seas and oceans. This approach provides a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the legal solutions available for the management of transboundary resources. Ultimately, this thesis aims not only to describe the current norms and practices but also to propose innovative legal solutions that can guide the resolution of future disputes over transboundary natural resources. In doing so, it hopes to contribute to the strengthening of a more cohesive and effective international legal regime, capable of addressing contemporary challenges in the management and exploitation of natural resources.
This thesis provides an in-depth examination of the legal complexities associated with the joint exploitation of transboundary natural resources, particularly hydrocarbon deposits, with a specific focus on Public International Law. In a global context marked by increasing territorial disputes, especially in areas rich in oil and gas, the study identifies and analyzes three central issues that illustrate the complexity of the subject. The first issue investigates the applicable resolution mechanisms when oil deposits are found in maritime zones with overlapping claims between two or more States. In this context, the study explores international practices, bilateral and multilateral agreements, and norms that seek to balance sovereignty and exploitation rights among the involved nations. The second issue addresses the challenges that arise when hydrocarbon deposits are situated between a State’s continental shelf and the Area, as defined by UNCLOS. This analysis is crucial for understanding the legal constraints and possibilities for international cooperation in joint exploitation, respecting principles of equity and legal certainty. The most innovative contribution of this research lies in its analysis of the legal regimes applicable to the exploitation of hydrocarbon deposits located in areas of overlap or claims within international lakes. This aspect, still underexplored in legal doctrine, offers a new perspective on resource management in contexts of shared sovereignty over international bodies of water. The experience of the African Great Lakes is richly analyzed in this study. The thesis is based on a detailed analysis of *lex petrolea* and its relationship with the Law of the Sea, constructing an integrated legal framework that examines the intersections between the specific norms of the petroleum industry and the broader principles governing the use and exploitation of seas and oceans. This approach provides a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of the legal solutions available for the management of transboundary resources. Ultimately, this thesis aims not only to describe the current norms and practices but also to propose innovative legal solutions that can guide the resolution of future disputes over transboundary natural resources. In doing so, it hopes to contribute to the strengthening of a more cohesive and effective international legal regime, capable of addressing contemporary challenges in the management and exploitation of natural resources.
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Keywords
Cooperação transfronteiriça Hidrocarbonetos Exploração de recursos naturais Petróleo Gás Teses de doutoramento - 2024 Cross-border co-operation Hydrocarbons Exploitation of natural resources Oil Gas