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Abstract(s)
O direito de acesso à informação administrativa, corolário do princípio da administração aberta, é um direito fundamental, de natureza análoga aos direitos, liberdades e garantias; assim, o acesso à informação administrativa, procedimental e não procedimental, assume-se como um parâmetro essencial no âmbito da relação entre os cidadãos e a Administração Pública.
O princípio da administração aberta tem previsão legal na Constituição, no Direito Europeu, no Código de Procedimento Administrativo (“CPA”) e na Lei de Acesso aos Documentos Administrativos (“LADA”), e é um dos princípios que deve pautar a atividade administrativa, funcionando como um mecanismo de controlo da
Administração, que se pretende aberta, clara, transparente e acessível.
O princípio da proteção dos dados pessoais, por seu turno, consagrado na mesma legislação, e na Lei de Proteção de Dados Pessoais (“LPDP”), estipula que todos têm direito à proteção dos seus dados pessoais.
Ambos os princípios têm entidades administrativas independentes responsáveis por assegurar o seu cumprimento: a Comissão de Acesso aos Documentos Administrativos (“CADA”), no que concerne à LADA e ao acesso à informação administrativa, e a Comissão Nacional de Proteção de Dados (“CNPD”), no que
respeita à LPDP e à proteção de dados pessoais. Estas competências podem-se sobrepor, potenciando, amiúde, um aparente conflito de competências, e outrossim divergências inconvenientes de entendimentos sobre as mesmas matérias.
Desta forma, quando existir tensão entre o direito de acesso à informação administrativa e o direito à proteção dos dados pessoais, torna-se necessário recorrer ao princípio da proporcionalidade para resolver uma situação de conflito entre ambos os direitos fundamentais.
The right of access to administrative information, a corollary of the principle of open administration, is a fundamental right, analogous to the rights, freedoms and guarantees system, foreseen in the Portuguese Constitution; thus, access to administrative information, of the procedural and non-procedural kind, is an essential parameter of the relationship between citizens and the Public Administration. The principle of open administration (or “open file principle”) is legally consecrated in the Constitution, in European Law, in the Code of Administrative Procedure ("CPA") and in the Law on Access to Administrative Documents ("LADA"), being one of the core principles that should guide administrative activity, functioning as a control mechanism of the Public Administration, which is intended to be open, clear, transparent and accessible. The principle of the protection of personal data, in turn, is enshrined in the same legislation, and in the Law on the Protection of Personal Data (LPDP), stipulating that everyone has the right to the protection of their personal data. Both principles have independent administrative entities responsible for ensuring their compliance: the Commission for Access to Administrative Documents ("CADA"), in regards to LADA and the matter of access to administrative information, and the National Commission for Data Protection ("CNPD"), in regards to LPDP and the protection of personal data. These powers can overlap, leading to an apparent legal assignment conflict, and to inconvenient differences of understanding on the same matters. Therefore, when tension arises between the compliance of the right to access administrative information and the right to insure the protection of personal data, it is demanded to use the principle of proportionality to resolve a situation of conflict between the two fundamental rights.
The right of access to administrative information, a corollary of the principle of open administration, is a fundamental right, analogous to the rights, freedoms and guarantees system, foreseen in the Portuguese Constitution; thus, access to administrative information, of the procedural and non-procedural kind, is an essential parameter of the relationship between citizens and the Public Administration. The principle of open administration (or “open file principle”) is legally consecrated in the Constitution, in European Law, in the Code of Administrative Procedure ("CPA") and in the Law on Access to Administrative Documents ("LADA"), being one of the core principles that should guide administrative activity, functioning as a control mechanism of the Public Administration, which is intended to be open, clear, transparent and accessible. The principle of the protection of personal data, in turn, is enshrined in the same legislation, and in the Law on the Protection of Personal Data (LPDP), stipulating that everyone has the right to the protection of their personal data. Both principles have independent administrative entities responsible for ensuring their compliance: the Commission for Access to Administrative Documents ("CADA"), in regards to LADA and the matter of access to administrative information, and the National Commission for Data Protection ("CNPD"), in regards to LPDP and the protection of personal data. These powers can overlap, leading to an apparent legal assignment conflict, and to inconvenient differences of understanding on the same matters. Therefore, when tension arises between the compliance of the right to access administrative information and the right to insure the protection of personal data, it is demanded to use the principle of proportionality to resolve a situation of conflict between the two fundamental rights.
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Keywords
Direito administrativo Informação administrativa Dados pessoais Protecção de dados pessoais Teses de mestrado - 2018