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A resolução de problemas em mães de crianças com fibrose quística e com diabetes
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Resumo(s)
Apesar das preocupações que envolvem as dificuldades acrescidas que os pais de
crianças com doença crónica assumem, poucos são as investigações que se dedicaram
ao estudo das estratégias de resolução de problemas. Esta investigação teve como
objectivo principal o estudo das estratégias de resolução de problemas educacionais e de
desenvolvimento relatadas pelas mães de crianças com doença crónica pediátrica,
nomeadamente mães de crianças com fibrose quística ou com diabetes. Segue uma
perspectiva exploratória e qualitativa, e uma orientação construtivistadesenvolvimentista.
A amostra é constituída por 58 mães de crianças com doença crónica (fibrose
quística e diabetes). As patologias foram escolhidas tendo em consideração o seu
carácter crónico, mas também as suas diferenças relativamente à evolução, prognóstico
e tratamento. A metodologia utilizada para a recolha das significações maternas foi a
entrevista semi-estruturada e a metodologia utilizada para a análise das mesmas foi a
análise de conteúdo.
Os resultados evidenciam que diferentes tipos de problemas são resolvidos de
diferentes formas. As problemáticas que desencadeiam maiores níveis de stress são em
geral resolvidas através de estratégias menos flexíveis e diferenciadas. Não se postula,
contudo, que a capacidade de resolução de problemas esteja diminuída, uma vez que as
estratégias utilizadas devem ser analisadas à luz das exigências impostas pela doença.
Foram, ainda, encontradas diferenças quando comparados os grupos de mães,
verificando-se, em mães de crianças com fibrose quística a utilização de estratégias
mais concretas e menos diferenciadas.
Despite concerns regarding the burdens taken by parents of children suffering from chronic illness, there is limited data on their parental problem-solving strategies. This study aims to examine the strategies used to solve educational and development problems, which were referred by the mothers of children suffering from chronic illness, such as cystic fibroses or diabetes. It follows a qualitative and exploratory perspective, and takes on both, a constructivist and developmental approach. Participants were 60 mothers of children suffering from chronic illness (cystic fibrosis and diabetes). The diseases where not only chosen according to their chronic characteristics, but also taking in account their differences regarding clinical evolution, prognostic and treatment. The data collection of the maternal significations was made using a semi-structured interview methodology and it was analyzed using the content analysis. Results show that different types of problems were solved in different ways. Problems prone to cause higher stress levels, are generally handled with stricter and less differentiated strategies. This doesn’t mean that the problem-solving ability is reduced/limited, since the strategies used must be examined in light of the requirements imposed by the disease. Differences were also found when comparing groups of mothers. Particularly, mothers of children suffering from cystic fibrosis, tended to use more concrete and less differentiated strategies to handle the problems they were faced with.
Despite concerns regarding the burdens taken by parents of children suffering from chronic illness, there is limited data on their parental problem-solving strategies. This study aims to examine the strategies used to solve educational and development problems, which were referred by the mothers of children suffering from chronic illness, such as cystic fibroses or diabetes. It follows a qualitative and exploratory perspective, and takes on both, a constructivist and developmental approach. Participants were 60 mothers of children suffering from chronic illness (cystic fibrosis and diabetes). The diseases where not only chosen according to their chronic characteristics, but also taking in account their differences regarding clinical evolution, prognostic and treatment. The data collection of the maternal significations was made using a semi-structured interview methodology and it was analyzed using the content analysis. Results show that different types of problems were solved in different ways. Problems prone to cause higher stress levels, are generally handled with stricter and less differentiated strategies. This doesn’t mean that the problem-solving ability is reduced/limited, since the strategies used must be examined in light of the requirements imposed by the disease. Differences were also found when comparing groups of mothers. Particularly, mothers of children suffering from cystic fibrosis, tended to use more concrete and less differentiated strategies to handle the problems they were faced with.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica da Saúde e da Doença, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2010
Palavras-chave
Resolução de problemas Parentalidade Doença crónica Psicologia pediátrica Teses de mestrado - 2010