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Envolvimento parental no programa ACT-Raising Safe Kids e motivação para a mudança
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Enquadramento: Uma das dificuldades das intervenções psicológicas com os pais é o seu envolvimento. Desta forma, o estudo dos determinantes, em particular dos determinantes psicológicos, do envolvimento dos pais nas intervenções é importante. A motivação para a mudança tem sido estudada em diferentes áreas da intervenção psicológica, mas é ainda muito pouco estudada no domínio da parentalidade. O presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o envolvimento parental no programa ACT-Raising Safe Kids e a motivação para a mudança bem como a relação entre estes dois constructos. Adicionalmente, exploraram-se os correlatos sociodemográficos destas dimensões. Metodologia: Participaram neste estudo 30 progenitores e respetivas crianças com idades compreendidas entre 3 e 8 anos. A avaliação do envolvimento parental foi realizada através de informação fornecida pelos dinamizadores, que incluía indicadores objetivos (presença e ausência nas sessões) e subjetivos (escala de envolvimento ativo). A motivação para a mudança foi avaliada através de escalas breves (réguas da motivação para a mudança) e por questões incluídas no plano de mudança que os pais desenvolveram na primeira sessão. Resultados: O envolvimento parental caraterizou-se por uma assiduidade dos pais às sessões bastante elevada, uma pequena percentagem de desistências do programa e um envolvimento ativo elevado, que foi aumentando ao longo das sessões. Em relação à motivação para a mudança, os pais apresentaram mais mudanças centradas na resolução de problemas. Os objetivos para essas mudanças centraram-se sobretudo nas crianças e os motivos fornecidos pelos pais relacionaram-se com a promoção do bem-estar. Os principais obstáculos às mudanças identificados pelos pais foram o stress e a escassez de recursos. Os pais apresentaram também níveis elevados de motivação para a mudança (importância, confiança e prontidão) no início da intervenção. Em relação às variáveis sociodemográficas dos pais, observaram-se associações estatisticamente significativas entre o envolvimento parental no programa (presenças e o dropout) e o nível socioeconómico dos pais e o número de filhos. Por seu lado, apenas o nível socioeconómico apresentou associações significativas com dimensões relacionadas com a motivação para a mudança, sendo que as pessoas de nível socioeconómico baixo e médio baixo apresentaram mais mudanças centradas na resolução de problemas. Por fim, apresentam-se as limitações dos estudos e algumas pistas para futuras investigações.
Background: One of the difficulties of psychological interventions with parents is their engagement. The study of determinants, in particular psychological determinants, of parent’s engagement in the intervention is important. The readiness for change has been studied in different areas of psychological intervention, but it is still not very well studied in the field of parenting. The present study aimed to characterize parental engagement in the ACT – Raising Safe Kids program and parent’s motivation for change, as well as the relationship between these two constructs. In addition, we explored the socio-demographic correlates of these psychological concepts. Methodology: Thirty parents and their respective children aged between 3 and 8 participated in this study. The evaluation of the components of parental engagement was made through information provided by the participants, which included objective indicators (presence and absence in the sessions) and subjective indicators (active engagement scale). Parent’s motivation for change was assessed through brief scales (rules of motivation for change) and questions included in the change plan that parents developed in the first session. Results: Parental engagement was characterized by a high sessions’ attendance, a small percentage of dropouts from the program and a high active engagement, which increased throughout the sessions. Concerning readiness for change, parents referred more changes focused on solving specific problems. The goals for these changes were mainly focused on children and the motives provided by the parents were related to the promotion of well-being. The main obstacles to the change identified by the parents were stress and lack of resources. Parents also had high levels of motivation for change (importance, confidence, and readiness) at the beginning of the intervention. Regarding the sociodemographic variables of the parents, there were statistically significant associations between parental engagement in the program (attendance and dropout) and parent’s socioeconomic level and the number of children. On the other hand, only the socioeconomic level presented significant associations with dimensions related to the motivation for change, as parents of low and medium low socioeconomic level presented more changes focused on solving particular problems. Finally, we discuss some limitations of the current study and present some clues for future investigations.
Background: One of the difficulties of psychological interventions with parents is their engagement. The study of determinants, in particular psychological determinants, of parent’s engagement in the intervention is important. The readiness for change has been studied in different areas of psychological intervention, but it is still not very well studied in the field of parenting. The present study aimed to characterize parental engagement in the ACT – Raising Safe Kids program and parent’s motivation for change, as well as the relationship between these two constructs. In addition, we explored the socio-demographic correlates of these psychological concepts. Methodology: Thirty parents and their respective children aged between 3 and 8 participated in this study. The evaluation of the components of parental engagement was made through information provided by the participants, which included objective indicators (presence and absence in the sessions) and subjective indicators (active engagement scale). Parent’s motivation for change was assessed through brief scales (rules of motivation for change) and questions included in the change plan that parents developed in the first session. Results: Parental engagement was characterized by a high sessions’ attendance, a small percentage of dropouts from the program and a high active engagement, which increased throughout the sessions. Concerning readiness for change, parents referred more changes focused on solving specific problems. The goals for these changes were mainly focused on children and the motives provided by the parents were related to the promotion of well-being. The main obstacles to the change identified by the parents were stress and lack of resources. Parents also had high levels of motivation for change (importance, confidence, and readiness) at the beginning of the intervention. Regarding the sociodemographic variables of the parents, there were statistically significant associations between parental engagement in the program (attendance and dropout) and parent’s socioeconomic level and the number of children. On the other hand, only the socioeconomic level presented significant associations with dimensions related to the motivation for change, as parents of low and medium low socioeconomic level presented more changes focused on solving particular problems. Finally, we discuss some limitations of the current study and present some clues for future investigations.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2017
Palavras-chave
Parentalidade Motivação Envolvimento dos pais Stress Teses de mestrado - 2017