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Vivência parental do cancro pediátrico : a relação do casal e o impacto na parentalidade
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Resumo(s)
O cancro é uma doença crónica com efeitos a curto e longo prazo. Em pediatria estes efeitos afetam particularmente a criança e os seus pais. A adaptação parental tem mostrado ser um determinante da adaptação e do bom desenvolvimento da criança. Existe evidência de que a vivência do cancro é um risco para o equilíbrio dos casais e tem implicações na forma como estes pais exercem a parentalidade. Objetivo: Explorar as perceções parentais sobre a vivência do cancro pediátrico, enquanto casal e enquanto pais, incluindo as possíveis alterações decorrentes da vivência do processo de doença. Metodologia: A amostra incluiu 48 pais de crianças e jovens sobreviventes de cancro pediátrico, que preencheram a versão adaptada do Inventário de Sintomas Psicopatológicos (BSI) e a Escala de Experiência Parental da Doença Infantil (PECI). Destes pais, 27 participaram numa entrevista semiestruturada. Com os dados obtidos procedeu-se a uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa. Resultados: A maioria dos pais reconheceu a influência da vivência da doença no seu estado emocional. Apesar de ao longo do processo se registar a diminuição de emoções negativas, estas são substituídas por estados emocionais ambivalentes que não excluem ansiedade e tristeza recorrente. Comparativamente os progenitores separados revelam maior perturbação emocional. Na vivência de casal (i.e., em relação à coesão, conflitos e afastamento, a oscilação das reações do casal permitiu a definição de 6 trajetórias do casal entre a fase de diagnóstico e a sobrevivência e foram apresentados diversos fatores associados e estas reações. Todos os pais referiram o afastamento em relação à intimidade física. As participantes do sexo feminino demonstraram sentir um maior afastamento. Em relação à parentalidade, a grande maioria dos pais revelou a existência de alterações na forma como exerce a parentalidade por influência da experiência de doença. O envolvimento emocional, a hipervigilância/aumento de proteção, a exigência//tolerância e a promoção de autoconfiança emergiram como temas dominantes. Conclusões: Os resultados do estudo, demonstraram a influência duradoura da doença nas diferentes áreas de vida das famílias e dos pais, enquanto pessoas, enquanto casal e enquanto pais e a relação entre estas reações e a forma como os pais processam as suas vivências ao longo de todo o processo. Estes resultados apontam para a necessidade do acompanhamento destes pais não só no que diz respeito mais diretamente aos problemas associados à doença, mas também à sua vivência como casal e pais.
Cancer is a chronic disease with short- and long-term effects. In pediatrics, these effects particularly affect the child and his parents. Parental adaptation has been shown to be a determinant of the child's adaptation and development. There is evidence that cancer experience is a risk to the balance of couples and has implications for how parents exercise parenting. Objective: To explore parental perceptions about the experience of pediatric cancer, as a couple and as parents, including the possible changes resulting from the experience of the diseases process. Methodology: The sample included 48 parents of children and young survivors of pediatric cancer who completed the adapted version of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Parent Experience of Child Illness (PECI). 27 of these parents participated in a semi-structured interview. With the data obtained, a quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out. Results: Most parents recognized the influence of the experience of the disease on their emotional state. Although negative emotions diminish throughout the process, they are replaced by ambivalent emotional states that do not exclude anxiety and recurring sadness. Comparatively, divorced parents reveal greater emotional disturbance. In the couple's experience (i.e., in relation to cohesion, conflict and withdrawal, the oscillation of the couple's reactions allowed the definition of 6 trajectories of the couple between the diagnosis phase and the survival, and several associated factors and these reactions were presented. All fathers reported withdrawal from physical intimacy. All parents reported withdrawal from physical intimacy. The female participants showed a greater withdrawal. Regarding parenting, most parents revealed changes in the way they exercise parenting due to the experience of illness. Emotional involvement, hypervigilance/increased protection, demanding//tolerance, and the promotion of self-confidence emerged as dominant themes. Conclusions: The results of the study demonstrated the lasting influence of the disease on the different areas of life of families and parents, as individuals, as a couple and as parents, and the relationship between these reactions and the way parents deal with their experiences throughout the process. of the whole process. These results point to the need for follow-up of these parents not only regarding more directly the problems associated with the disease, but also their experience as a couple and parents.
Cancer is a chronic disease with short- and long-term effects. In pediatrics, these effects particularly affect the child and his parents. Parental adaptation has been shown to be a determinant of the child's adaptation and development. There is evidence that cancer experience is a risk to the balance of couples and has implications for how parents exercise parenting. Objective: To explore parental perceptions about the experience of pediatric cancer, as a couple and as parents, including the possible changes resulting from the experience of the diseases process. Methodology: The sample included 48 parents of children and young survivors of pediatric cancer who completed the adapted version of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Parent Experience of Child Illness (PECI). 27 of these parents participated in a semi-structured interview. With the data obtained, a quantitative and qualitative analysis was carried out. Results: Most parents recognized the influence of the experience of the disease on their emotional state. Although negative emotions diminish throughout the process, they are replaced by ambivalent emotional states that do not exclude anxiety and recurring sadness. Comparatively, divorced parents reveal greater emotional disturbance. In the couple's experience (i.e., in relation to cohesion, conflict and withdrawal, the oscillation of the couple's reactions allowed the definition of 6 trajectories of the couple between the diagnosis phase and the survival, and several associated factors and these reactions were presented. All fathers reported withdrawal from physical intimacy. All parents reported withdrawal from physical intimacy. The female participants showed a greater withdrawal. Regarding parenting, most parents revealed changes in the way they exercise parenting due to the experience of illness. Emotional involvement, hypervigilance/increased protection, demanding//tolerance, and the promotion of self-confidence emerged as dominant themes. Conclusions: The results of the study demonstrated the lasting influence of the disease on the different areas of life of families and parents, as individuals, as a couple and as parents, and the relationship between these reactions and the way parents deal with their experiences throughout the process. of the whole process. These results point to the need for follow-up of these parents not only regarding more directly the problems associated with the disease, but also their experience as a couple and parents.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2019
Palavras-chave
Parentalidade Cancro - crianças Teses de mestrado - 2019