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Panorama do parasitismo em cães de canil e exterior, do concelho de Viseu, Portugal
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PANORAMA DO PARASITISMO EM CÃES DE CANIL E EXTERIOR DO CONCELHO DE VISEU, PORTUGAL - As populações animal e humana encontram-se epidemiologicamente ligadas e as zoonoses caninas representam um risco real para a saúde humana, especialmente quando existe uma permanente pressão de transmissão nas populações animais, como no caso dos animais errantes e residentes em canil. A falta de medidas preventivas e o controlo efetivo de doenças parasitárias continua a ser também um grande problema em cães com detentores, particularmente em áreas rurais, onde a maior parte dos animais permanece no exterior.
Este estudo teve como objetivos a identificação de endoparasitas (dos aparelhos gastrointestinal e respiratório e hemoparasitas) e ectoparasitas em cães errantes, cães com residência permanente em canil e cães de exterior com detentores, do concelho de Viseu, assim como a determinação da população parasitária zoonótica, avaliando o seu interesse para a saúde pública.
Foram recolhidas e analisadas laboratorialmente amostras fecais de 60 animais, amostras sanguíneas de 41 e em 63 foram pesquisados ectoparasitas.
Observaram-se formas parasitárias em 33,33% das amostras fecais analisadas, tendo sido identificados os parasitas gastrointestinais Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Uncinaria stenocephala, Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp e Giardia spp.
A pesquisa de ectoparasitas permitiu a identificação de 19,05% de animais parasitados, tendo sido observados os géneros Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Pulex, Dermacentor e a espécie Ctenocephalides canis.
A observação dos esfregaços sanguíneos resultou na deteção de Mycoplasma haemocanis em apenas num animal e a realização de testes serológicos para deteção de L. infantum nos cães errantes incluídos neste estudo sinalizaram anticorpos anti-Leishmania num animal. Dos catorze agentes identificados, doze têm potencial para infetar o ser humano. Percebe-se, desta forma, a importância da existência de medidas preventivas contra ectoparasitas e endoparasitas, em espaços que albergam grandes populações de animais, como canis, e da educação dos detentores de populações mais rurais relativamente aos riscos associados à falta destas mesmas medidas preventivas nos seus animais de companhia.
ABSTRACT - PARASITISM PROFILE OF KENNEL AND OUTDOOR DOGS IN VISEU MUNICIPALITY, PORTUGAL - Animal and human populations are epidemiologically linked and canine zoonoses represent a serious hazard for human health, especially when there is a permanent pressure of transmission in animal populations, as in stray and kennel dogs). The lack of preventive measures and the effective control of parasitic diseases also remains a major problem in dogs with guardians, particularly in rural areas, where most animals stay outdoors. This study aimed to identify endoparasites (from the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems and hemoparasites) and ectoparasites in stray dogs, dogs with permanent residence in kennels and outdoor dogs with owners, from Viseu municipality, as well as the determination of the zoonotic parasitic population, assessing its public health interest. Fecal samples from 60 animals and blood samples from 41 were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. Sixty-three dogs were checked for ectoparasite presence. Parasitic forms were observed in 33.33% of the fecal samples, with identification of Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Uncinaria stenocephala, Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp and Giardia spp. The search for ectoparasites allowed the identification of 19,05% of parasitized animals, having been observed the genera Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Pulex, Dermacentor and species Ctenocephalides canis. The microscopic observation of blood smears resulted in the detection of Mycoplasma haemocanis in only one animal and the performance of serological tests to detect L. infantum in the stray dogs included in this study only signalled antibodies anti-Leishmania in one animal. Of the fourteen agents identified, twelve have the potential to infect humans. Thus, the importance of the existence of preventive measures against ectoparasites and endoparasites, in spaces that house large groups of animals, such as kennels, and of the education of tutors of rural areas regarding the risks associated with the lack of these preventive measures in their pets.
ABSTRACT - PARASITISM PROFILE OF KENNEL AND OUTDOOR DOGS IN VISEU MUNICIPALITY, PORTUGAL - Animal and human populations are epidemiologically linked and canine zoonoses represent a serious hazard for human health, especially when there is a permanent pressure of transmission in animal populations, as in stray and kennel dogs). The lack of preventive measures and the effective control of parasitic diseases also remains a major problem in dogs with guardians, particularly in rural areas, where most animals stay outdoors. This study aimed to identify endoparasites (from the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems and hemoparasites) and ectoparasites in stray dogs, dogs with permanent residence in kennels and outdoor dogs with owners, from Viseu municipality, as well as the determination of the zoonotic parasitic population, assessing its public health interest. Fecal samples from 60 animals and blood samples from 41 were collected and analyzed in the laboratory. Sixty-three dogs were checked for ectoparasite presence. Parasitic forms were observed in 33.33% of the fecal samples, with identification of Ancylostoma caninum, Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Uncinaria stenocephala, Dipylidium caninum, Cystoisospora spp and Giardia spp. The search for ectoparasites allowed the identification of 19,05% of parasitized animals, having been observed the genera Rhipicephalus, Ixodes, Pulex, Dermacentor and species Ctenocephalides canis. The microscopic observation of blood smears resulted in the detection of Mycoplasma haemocanis in only one animal and the performance of serological tests to detect L. infantum in the stray dogs included in this study only signalled antibodies anti-Leishmania in one animal. Of the fourteen agents identified, twelve have the potential to infect humans. Thus, the importance of the existence of preventive measures against ectoparasites and endoparasites, in spaces that house large groups of animals, such as kennels, and of the education of tutors of rural areas regarding the risks associated with the lack of these preventive measures in their pets.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, área científica Sanidade Animal
Palavras-chave
Endoparasitas Ectoparasitas Viseu Zoonoses Cães Endoparasites Ectoparasites Viseu Zoonoses Dogs
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Rocha SF. 2022. Panorama do parasitismo em cães de canil e exterior, do concelho de Viseu, Portugal [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária