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Principais desafios à gestão das public utilities face às tendências de liberalização : o caso do sector eléctrico em Portugal
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Resumo(s)
Por razões políticas, económicas e legais, os sectores eléctricos a nível europeu estão a mudar radicalmente, passando pela privatização das empresas públicas e liberalização da indústria da electricidade. O objectivo principal é a criação do mercado interno de electricidade na Europa para fomentar maior competitividade na economia europeia. A liberalização está a forçar as public utilities de electricidade a tomarem novas opções estratégicas que passam pela internacionalização e diversificação. Estas organizações, habituadas a estruturas monopolistas, enfrentam agora as incertezas de um contexto concorrencial. A EDP, cujo monopólio estatal do sector eléctrico português durouu cerca de vinte e cinco anos, tem recursos suficientes para enfrentar o novo ambiente competitivo. As suas opções estratégicas de internacionalização e diversificação, a par da sua reestruturação interna, poderão minimizar as ameaças ao valor do seu core business. Apesar da existência de alguns obstáculos, a liberalização continua a avançar, transformando cada vez mais a electricidade numa commodity. Se os riscos para as public utilities têm tendência a acrescer, também as oportunidades são maiores. A gestão dos riscos de mercado através do trading de energia será um factor crítico de sucesso. O objectivo deste trabalho é identificar os desafios emergentes da liberalização, aos quais as public utilities de electricidade terão de responder com uma gestão adequada. O principal desafio é a mudança de mentalidade daquelas organizações, ou seja, a passagem da estratégia orientada para o produto para a estratégia orientada para o consumidor, que passa pela sua transformação em autênticas "multiutilities".
For political, economic and legal reasons, at european level the electric sectors are undergoing a radical change, which goes from privatization of public companies to the deregulation of electricity industry. The main objective is the creation of an internal electricity market in Europe to foster higher competitiveness in this sector and, thus, develop a greater competitiveness in european economy. Liberalisation is compeling the public utilities of electricity to adopt new strategic options, which include internationalisation and diversification. These organisations, which were used to monopolistic structures, are facing now, the uncertainties of a competitive context. EDP. whose state monopoly of the portuguese electric sector lasted almost twenty-five years, has enough resources to cope with the new competitive environment. Its strategic options of internationalisation and diversification, together with its internal restructuring, are able to minimise the threats to the value of its core business. In spite of the existence of some obstacles, liberalisation continues to move forward, turnig electricity more and more into a commodity. If the risks for the public utilities tend to increase, the opportunities are also much larger. The management of the market risks through energy trading will become a critical success factor. The aim os this dissertation is to identify the emergenting challenges of liberalisation, to which the public utilities of electricity will have to responde with an appropriate management. The main challenge is to change the mentality of those organisations, which means, the transition from product guided to consumer guided strategic, which goes through their transformation into "multiutilities".
For political, economic and legal reasons, at european level the electric sectors are undergoing a radical change, which goes from privatization of public companies to the deregulation of electricity industry. The main objective is the creation of an internal electricity market in Europe to foster higher competitiveness in this sector and, thus, develop a greater competitiveness in european economy. Liberalisation is compeling the public utilities of electricity to adopt new strategic options, which include internationalisation and diversification. These organisations, which were used to monopolistic structures, are facing now, the uncertainties of a competitive context. EDP. whose state monopoly of the portuguese electric sector lasted almost twenty-five years, has enough resources to cope with the new competitive environment. Its strategic options of internationalisation and diversification, together with its internal restructuring, are able to minimise the threats to the value of its core business. In spite of the existence of some obstacles, liberalisation continues to move forward, turnig electricity more and more into a commodity. If the risks for the public utilities tend to increase, the opportunities are also much larger. The management of the market risks through energy trading will become a critical success factor. The aim os this dissertation is to identify the emergenting challenges of liberalisation, to which the public utilities of electricity will have to responde with an appropriate management. The main challenge is to change the mentality of those organisations, which means, the transition from product guided to consumer guided strategic, which goes through their transformation into "multiutilities".
Descrição
Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial
Palavras-chave
liberalização desregulação commodity competitividade trading de energia multiutilities liberalization deregulation competitiveness energy trading
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Oliveira, Agostinho Gonçalves de. 2002. "Principais desafios à gestão das public utilities face às tendências de liberalização : o caso do sector eléctrico em Portugal". Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão