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Saúde mental no estabelecimento prisional : fatores de (des)compensação
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No final do ano de 2019 contavam-se em Portugal cerca de 13 000 pessoas em situação de reclusão, tendo no total passado perto de 18 000 reclusos pelo sistema prisional durante o mesmo ano. Na literatura, a prevalência das perturbações psiquiátricas nesta população é consistentemente superior à da população em geral, o que se reflete nas taxas de suicídio, cerca 3 a 6 vezes superiores em reclusos. Torna-se assim relevante o estudo dos fatores que condicionam a melhoria ou pioria do status de saúde mental das pessoas em situação de reclusão, o que constitui o objetivo principal deste trabalho. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma revisão integrada da literatura, com enquadramento histórico e social do sistema prisional. Foi ainda situada a realidade portuguesa no paradigma mundial quanto aos vários fatores avaliados, sendo estes a sobrelotação dos estabelecimentos prisionais, o isolamento e segregação dos reclusos, a vitimização que experimentam e testemunham, as atividades que lhes são fornecidas no decurso da sua pena e ainda o acesso e a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde mental no sistema correcional.
By the end of the year 2019, there were around 13.000 people confined in Portugal, having passed through the correctional system close to 18.000 prisoners in the same year. The literature consistently shows higher prevalences of psychiatric illness in people deprived of their liberty relative to the general population, which is illustrated by the higher suicide rates (3 to 6 times higher in prisoners). These numbers make it clear that it is necessary to study the factors that lead topaper. A literature review was conducted, and the historical and social framework of the correctional system briefly explored. Additionally, the Portuguese reality was compared to the global paradigm, in the various factors addressed. Those factors being overcrowding in prisons, the isolation and segregation of prisoners, the victimization to which they are subjected, the meaningful activities available, and the quality and availability of mental health care in the correctional system. worsening or improvement of this group’s mental status, which is the purpose of this
By the end of the year 2019, there were around 13.000 people confined in Portugal, having passed through the correctional system close to 18.000 prisoners in the same year. The literature consistently shows higher prevalences of psychiatric illness in people deprived of their liberty relative to the general population, which is illustrated by the higher suicide rates (3 to 6 times higher in prisoners). These numbers make it clear that it is necessary to study the factors that lead topaper. A literature review was conducted, and the historical and social framework of the correctional system briefly explored. Additionally, the Portuguese reality was compared to the global paradigm, in the various factors addressed. Those factors being overcrowding in prisons, the isolation and segregation of prisoners, the victimization to which they are subjected, the meaningful activities available, and the quality and availability of mental health care in the correctional system. worsening or improvement of this group’s mental status, which is the purpose of this
Descrição
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2021
Palavras-chave
Psiquiatria Saúde mental Doença psiquiátrica Reclusos Prisões