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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento da população é um fator incontestável em todo mundo. Consequentemente, diversas têm sido as alterações demográficas com repercussões na sociedade, especialmente com o fenómeno da feminização da velhice. No âmbito da gerontologia social, podemos identificar as questões intrínsecas ao envelhecimento feminino, especialmente a viuvez, fundamentadas nas teorias feministas e curso de vida.
A viuvez é um fenómeno que afeta principalmente as mulheres idosas que, além de ser um processo de grande desafio emocional, pode levá-las muitas vezes a enfrentar uma transição de identidade.
O objetivo geral deste estudo é compreender o processo de reconstrução da identidade de mulheres com 60 anos ou mais após a viuvez. Para tanto, adotamos uma metodologia qualitativa, por meio da análise de conteúdo de 20 entrevistas realizadas com mulheres viúvas com 60 anos ou mais, inscritas no projeto Serviço Social com Idosos desenvolvido pelo Serviço Social do Comércio (Sesc) no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os dados foram analisados em termos de conteúdo e processados utilizando como suporte o Web Qualitative Data Analysis Software (webQDA).
Dos resultados obtidos a partir das entrevistas (20 mulheres), 12 reconheceram alteração em suas identidades tanto nas relações com o outro quanto para si, as demais declararam que se sentem as mesmas após a viuvez, entretanto possuem mais liberdade e autonomia para realizar suas atividades diárias e tomadas de decisões. É facto que esta questão está diretamente relacionada ao tipo de matrimónio que essas mulheres tiveram com seus cônjuges e a forma como se adaptaram aos novos papéis após a viuvez. Outro aspeto relevante é que para todas as entrevistadas a participação nas atividades do Sesc foi fator primordial para o enfrentamento do luto, nas interações sociais e para a reconstrução de suas identidades.
It is increasingly realized that the aging of the population is an undeniable factor throughout the world. Consequently, there have been several demographic changes with repercussions on society, especially with the phenomenon of the feminization of old age. Within the scope of Social Gerontology, we can identify issues intrinsic to female aging, especially widowhood, based on feminist theories and the life course. The widowhood is a phenomenon that mainly affects older women and, in addition to being a process of great emotional challenge, can often lead them to face an identity transition. The general objective of this study is to understand the process of reconstructing the identity of women aged 60 or over after widowhood. To this end, we adopted a qualitative methodology, through content analysis of 20 interviews carried out with widowed women aged 60 or over enrolled in the Social Work with Elderly project developed by the Serviço Social do Comércio (Sesc) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data was analyzed in terms of content and processed using the Web Qualitative Data Analysis Software (webQDA) as support. From the results obtained from the interviews (20 women), 12 recognized changes in their identities both in their relationships with others and with themselves, the others declared that they felt the same after becoming widowed, however they have more freedom and autonomy to carry out their activities daily routines and decision making. It is a fact that this issue is directly related to the type of marriage these women had with their partners and the way they adapted to their new roles after widowhood. Another relevant thing is that for all interviewees, participation in Sesc activities was a key factor in coping with grief, in social interactions and for aspects close to their identities.
It is increasingly realized that the aging of the population is an undeniable factor throughout the world. Consequently, there have been several demographic changes with repercussions on society, especially with the phenomenon of the feminization of old age. Within the scope of Social Gerontology, we can identify issues intrinsic to female aging, especially widowhood, based on feminist theories and the life course. The widowhood is a phenomenon that mainly affects older women and, in addition to being a process of great emotional challenge, can often lead them to face an identity transition. The general objective of this study is to understand the process of reconstructing the identity of women aged 60 or over after widowhood. To this end, we adopted a qualitative methodology, through content analysis of 20 interviews carried out with widowed women aged 60 or over enrolled in the Social Work with Elderly project developed by the Serviço Social do Comércio (Sesc) in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data was analyzed in terms of content and processed using the Web Qualitative Data Analysis Software (webQDA) as support. From the results obtained from the interviews (20 women), 12 recognized changes in their identities both in their relationships with others and with themselves, the others declared that they felt the same after becoming widowed, however they have more freedom and autonomy to carry out their activities daily routines and decision making. It is a fact that this issue is directly related to the type of marriage these women had with their partners and the way they adapted to their new roles after widowhood. Another relevant thing is that for all interviewees, participation in Sesc activities was a key factor in coping with grief, in social interactions and for aspects close to their identities.
Description
Dissertação para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Gerontologia Social
Keywords
Viuvez Mulheres idosas viúvas Identidade Feminização da velhice Envelhecimento Gerontologia Social Widowhood Elderly widowed women Identity Feminization of old age Ageing Social Gerontology