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Vivência da doença de Parkinson para além dos sintomas motores : estudo qualitativo exploratório dos testemunhos de 6 pacientes
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Apesar de a Doença de Parkinson ser conhecida pelos seus clássicos sintomas motores,
existe também uma série de sintomas não-motores físicos, cognitivos e psicológicos, que
contribuem para a incapacidade consequente desta doença, e para o impacto negativo desta
condição na qualidade de vida dos doentes. Este estudo teve como objetivo explorar a vivência
da doença e das estratégias de coping por parte de doentes com DP para lidar com esses
sintomas não-motores. Seis doentes de Parkinson foram submetidos a uma entrevista
semiestruturada com o Non Motor Symptom Questionaire (NMSQuest) como base. Os dados
de cada participante foram analisados de forma intraindividual através de um processo de
Análise Temática, e, de seguida, comparados entre eles. Desta forma, foi possível detetar
padrões de resposta na amostra, e também perceber o que é único de cada participante. Os
participantes apresentam uma visão negativa e incapacitante da Doença de Parkinson, mas
revelam capacidade de adaptação e de confronto, com estratégias focadas no problema e na
emoção, considerados maioritariamente eficazes. Os sintomas não-motores mais reportados são
cognitivos ou urogenitais, bem como insónias e obstipação. Em termos psicológicos, é de
salientar a frequente presença de ansiedade e tristeza. As atribuições causais revelam a
multiplicidade de suposições acerca da origem dos sintomas não-motores. Foi também
relevante uma variedade de reflexões acerca do futuro e da vida. Assim, são propostas áreas de
intervenção com os doentes por parte dos profissionais de saúde, frisando a necessidade de ter
em conta a individualidade de cada paciente.
Even though Parkinson’s Disease is known for its classic motor symptoms, there is also a number of physical, cognitive and psychological non-motor symptoms, which contribute to the resulting disability caused by this disease, and for the negative impact of this condition in the patient’s quality of life. The goal of this study was to explore de process of living with the disease and the coping strategies used by patients do cope with those non-motor symptoms. Six patients with Parkinson’s Disease were submitted to a semi structured interview using the Non Motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest) as a basis. The data from each participant was analysed in an intraindividual way through a process of Thematic Analysis, and then compared to each other. This way, it was possible to detect patterns in this sample, but also understand what is unique within each participant. The participants show a negative and disabling perception of Parkinson’s Disease, but also the ability of adaptation and coping, with problem focused strategies and emotion focused strategies, most of them considered efficient. The most reported non-motor symptoms were the cognitive or the urogenital symptoms, as well as insomnia and obstipation. In terms of psychological symptoms, anxiety and sadness are considered relevant. The causal attributions reveal the multiplicity of suppositions about the origin of the non-motor symptoms. It was also relevant the variety of thoughts about the future and life itself. Therefore, areas of intervention with the patients are proposed to be followed by health professionals, having in mind the individuality of each patient.
Even though Parkinson’s Disease is known for its classic motor symptoms, there is also a number of physical, cognitive and psychological non-motor symptoms, which contribute to the resulting disability caused by this disease, and for the negative impact of this condition in the patient’s quality of life. The goal of this study was to explore de process of living with the disease and the coping strategies used by patients do cope with those non-motor symptoms. Six patients with Parkinson’s Disease were submitted to a semi structured interview using the Non Motor Symptom Questionnaire (NMSQuest) as a basis. The data from each participant was analysed in an intraindividual way through a process of Thematic Analysis, and then compared to each other. This way, it was possible to detect patterns in this sample, but also understand what is unique within each participant. The participants show a negative and disabling perception of Parkinson’s Disease, but also the ability of adaptation and coping, with problem focused strategies and emotion focused strategies, most of them considered efficient. The most reported non-motor symptoms were the cognitive or the urogenital symptoms, as well as insomnia and obstipation. In terms of psychological symptoms, anxiety and sadness are considered relevant. The causal attributions reveal the multiplicity of suppositions about the origin of the non-motor symptoms. It was also relevant the variety of thoughts about the future and life itself. Therefore, areas of intervention with the patients are proposed to be followed by health professionals, having in mind the individuality of each patient.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia da Saúde e da Doença), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2020
Palavras-chave
Doença de Parkinson Estratégias de coping Sintomas Teses de mestrado - 2020