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Envolvimento materno e envolvimento paterno : auto e heteropercepção, e relação com memórias de infância
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Este estudo incide sobre o envolvimento materno, o envolvimento paterno e as memórias
de infância das práticas educativas parentais numa amostra de mães e pais de crianças
com idade escolar (5-12 anos). Pretende-se: (1) analisar o envolvimento materno e o
envolvimento paterno em função do sexo e da idade da criança, da idade e da escolaridade
das/dos mães/pais, e do número de horas por semana despendido com a criança; (2)
analisar as diferenças entre o envolvimento materno e o envolvimento paterno (auto e
hetero-avaliação); (3) relacionar o envolvimento, materno e paterno (auto-avaliação),
com as memórias de infância das práticas educativas parentais. O envolvimento materno
e o envolvimento paterno foram avaliados com a Escala de Envolvimento Paterno
(Simões, Leal, & Maroco, 2010) e as práticas educativas parentais (maternas e paternas)
com o EMBU – Memórias de Infância (Canavarro, 1996), utilizando-se ainda um
Questionário Sociodemográfico. Os participantes foram 50 casais, em par parental, com
pelo menos um filho de idade escolar (5-12 anos) desta relação, que coabitava com ambas
as figuras parentais. As mães tinham idades entre os 24 e os 53 (M=38.4; DP=5.25), e os
pais entre os 28 e os 57 anos (M=40.6; DP=6.25). Os resultados apontaram para
diferenças no envolvimento, materno e paterno, em função das variáveis
sociodemográficas consideradas (da criança e da mãe/pai), e do número de horas por
semana despendido com a criança, mas ocorrem variações consoante se é mãe ou pai.
Verificaram-se diferenças entre o envolvimento materno e o paterno (na auto e na heteroavaliação),
existindo ainda associações entre domínios do envolvimento, quer materno
quer paterno (Cuidados, Disponibilidade, Presença e Disciplina), com as memórias de
infância das práticas educativas (materna e paterna) recebidas na infância (Suporte
Emocional, Rejeição e Sobreprotecção), mas, mais uma vez, o facto de se ser mãe ou pai
contribui para variações nas variáveis implicadas.
This study focusses on maternal involvement, paternal involvement, and memories of parental rearing behavior in a sample of mothers and fathers of school-aged children (5- 12 years). It sets out (1) to analyze maternal involvement and paternal involvement according to the child’s gender and age, parents' age and years of schooling, and the number of hours per week spent with the child; (2) to analyze the differences between maternal involvement and paternal involvement (self and hetero-evaluation); (3) to relate both maternal and paternal involvement (self-evaluation) to the memories of parental rearing behavior. Maternal and paternal involvement were assessed by means of the Escala de Envolvimento Paterno (Simões, Leal, & Maroco, 2010) and memories of parental rearing behavior by the EMBU (Canavarro, 1996). A sociodemographic questionnaire was also used. 50 parental couples, with at least one school-aged (5-12 years) child from this relationship who cohabited with both parents, participated in this study. Mothers were aged between 24 and 53 years (M = 38.4; DP = 5.25) and fathers between 28 and 57 years (M = 40.6; DP = 6.25). The results showed differences between maternal and paternal involvement, in accordance with both the socio-economic variables (of the child and the mother/father) and number of hours per week spent with the child. However, variations occurred depending on the informant - mother or father. Differences between maternal and paternal involvement (in self and hetero-evaluation) were found, and there were also associations among both maternal and paternal involvement domains (Care, Availability, Presence, and Discipline) with memories of the parental rearing behavior (maternal and paternal) received in childhood (Emotional Support, Rejection, and Overprotection). However, once again, variations in the variables were affected by whether the participant was a mother or a father.
This study focusses on maternal involvement, paternal involvement, and memories of parental rearing behavior in a sample of mothers and fathers of school-aged children (5- 12 years). It sets out (1) to analyze maternal involvement and paternal involvement according to the child’s gender and age, parents' age and years of schooling, and the number of hours per week spent with the child; (2) to analyze the differences between maternal involvement and paternal involvement (self and hetero-evaluation); (3) to relate both maternal and paternal involvement (self-evaluation) to the memories of parental rearing behavior. Maternal and paternal involvement were assessed by means of the Escala de Envolvimento Paterno (Simões, Leal, & Maroco, 2010) and memories of parental rearing behavior by the EMBU (Canavarro, 1996). A sociodemographic questionnaire was also used. 50 parental couples, with at least one school-aged (5-12 years) child from this relationship who cohabited with both parents, participated in this study. Mothers were aged between 24 and 53 years (M = 38.4; DP = 5.25) and fathers between 28 and 57 years (M = 40.6; DP = 6.25). The results showed differences between maternal and paternal involvement, in accordance with both the socio-economic variables (of the child and the mother/father) and number of hours per week spent with the child. However, variations occurred depending on the informant - mother or father. Differences between maternal and paternal involvement (in self and hetero-evaluation) were found, and there were also associations among both maternal and paternal involvement domains (Care, Availability, Presence, and Discipline) with memories of the parental rearing behavior (maternal and paternal) received in childhood (Emotional Support, Rejection, and Overprotection). However, once again, variations in the variables were affected by whether the participant was a mother or a father.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde, Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2015
Palavras-chave
Parentalidade Envolvimento dos pais Memórias de infância Teses de mestrado - 2015