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A presente dissertação aborda o tema das sentenças intermédias de restrição temporal de efeitos, previstas no artigo 282.º, n.º 4 da Constituição da República Portuguesa, atendendo ao caso concreto do Acórdão n.º 268/2022 do Tribunal Constitucional, que declarou a inconstitucionalidade com força obrigatória geral dos artigos 4.º, 6.º e 9.º da Lei n.º 32/2008, de 17 de julho.
Na sequência da declaração de invalidade da Diretiva 2006/24/CE do Parlamento Europeu e do Conselho, de 15 de março de 2006, através da decisão «Digital Rights Ireland» do Tribunal de Justiça da União Europeia, o Tribunal Constitucional declarou a inconstitucionalidade dos referidos artigos da Lei n.º 32/2008, que transpôs a Diretiva em causa, com efeitos desde a sua entrada em vigor e ressalvando os casos julgados, conforme o disposto nos artigos 282.º, n.º 1 e 3 da Lei Fundamental portuguesa. Deste modo, ficou vedado o recurso a metadados para efeitos de investigação criminal.
Com efeito, gerou-se um clima de incerteza e insegurança sobre os casos não transitados em julgado e nas investigações criminais que se encontravam em curso, pois a recolha de prova com base em metadados deixou de ter base legal. Importa saber se a rigidez dos efeitos da declaração de inconstitucionalidade com força obrigatória geral poderia ter sido atendida aquando da pronúncia do Tribunal Constitucional, através da restrição dos seus efeitos temporais, à luz do artigo 282.º, n.º 4 da Constituição.
Deste modo, através do estudo doutrinário e dogmático das sentenças intermédias e de uma análise aprofundada da jurisprudência portuguesa e europeia, pretende-se demonstrar que a prolação de uma sentença de restrição temporal de efeitos no caso concreto, poderia ter salvaguardado casos pendentes, num cenário em que a manutenção da situação de inconstitucionalidade acaba por ser mais favorável do que o acatamento inflexível dos efeitos da declaração de inconstitucionalidade.
The present dissertation addresses the topic of intermediate sentences of temporal restriction of effects, provided for in article 282, paragraph 4 of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, considering the specific case of Judgment No. 268/2022 of the Constitutional Court, which declared the unconstitutionality with general obligatory force of articles 4, 6 and 9 of Law No. 32/2008, of July 17th. Following the invalidation of Directive 2006/24/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council, of March 15th 2006, through the “Digital Rights Ireland” decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the Portuguese Constitucional Court declared the unconstitutionality of the aforementioned articles of the Law No. 32/2008, which transposed the Directive in question, with effects from its entry into force and preserving cases already judged, in accordance with articles 282, paragraph 1 and 3 of the Portuguese Fundamental Law. Thus, the use of metadata for purposes of criminal investigation was prohibited. Indeed, a climate of uncertainty and insecurity arose regarding cases not yet adjudicated and ongoing criminal investigations because the collection of evidence based on metadata ceased to have a legal basis. It is importante to determine whether the rigidity of the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality with general obligatory force could have been adressed when the Constitutional Court pronounced its decision, through the restriction of its temporal effects, in light of article 282, paragraph 4 of the Constitution. Therefore, through doctrinal and dogmatic study of intermediate sentences and a profound analysis of Portuguese and European jurisprudence, it is intended to demonstrate that the issuance of a sentence of temporal restriction of effects in the specific case could have safeguarded pending cases, in a scenario where the maintenance of the unconstitutionality turns out to be more favorable than the inflexible compliance with the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality.
The present dissertation addresses the topic of intermediate sentences of temporal restriction of effects, provided for in article 282, paragraph 4 of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, considering the specific case of Judgment No. 268/2022 of the Constitutional Court, which declared the unconstitutionality with general obligatory force of articles 4, 6 and 9 of Law No. 32/2008, of July 17th. Following the invalidation of Directive 2006/24/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council, of March 15th 2006, through the “Digital Rights Ireland” decision of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the Portuguese Constitucional Court declared the unconstitutionality of the aforementioned articles of the Law No. 32/2008, which transposed the Directive in question, with effects from its entry into force and preserving cases already judged, in accordance with articles 282, paragraph 1 and 3 of the Portuguese Fundamental Law. Thus, the use of metadata for purposes of criminal investigation was prohibited. Indeed, a climate of uncertainty and insecurity arose regarding cases not yet adjudicated and ongoing criminal investigations because the collection of evidence based on metadata ceased to have a legal basis. It is importante to determine whether the rigidity of the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality with general obligatory force could have been adressed when the Constitutional Court pronounced its decision, through the restriction of its temporal effects, in light of article 282, paragraph 4 of the Constitution. Therefore, through doctrinal and dogmatic study of intermediate sentences and a profound analysis of Portuguese and European jurisprudence, it is intended to demonstrate that the issuance of a sentence of temporal restriction of effects in the specific case could have safeguarded pending cases, in a scenario where the maintenance of the unconstitutionality turns out to be more favorable than the inflexible compliance with the effects of the declaration of unconstitutionality.
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Metadados Sentenças Segurança jurídica Justiça constitucional Teses de mestrado - 2024 Metadata Sentences Legal certainty Constitutional justice