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Os impérios (séculos XVI-XVII), renascimento e reforma : uma proposta didática
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O presente relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada realizado no âmbito da
unidade curricular de Iniciação à Prática Profissional III do Mestrado em Ensino de
História do 3º ciclo do Ensino Básico e do Ensino Secundário tem como objetivo
apresentar as opções didáticas tomadas na lecionação do bloco didático. O núcleo de
estágio onde decorreu esta iniciação foi a Escola D. Pedro V pertencente ao
Agrupamento de Escolas das Laranjeiras.
O tema “Impérios (séculos XVI-XVII), Renascimento e Reforma- uma proposta
didática” enquadra-se no ponto 5- Expansão e mudança nos séculos XV e XVI do
programa do 8º ano da disciplina de História. Esta unidade didática foca-se na Idade
Moderna sendo que tem início com a expansão portuguesa para fora do continente
europeu culminando no surgimento dos grandes impérios europeus e a sua presença
nos vários continentes. Primeiramente o enfoque é colocado no Império português e
nas formas de exploração escolhidas para cada continente- africano, americano e
asiático. Também ao Império Espanhol foi dedicada uma aula com a apresentação das
relações estabelecidas com as civilizações que viviam no território americano- os
Maias, Incas e Astecas. Depois virou-se a atenção para o contexto português onde se
observou a conjuntura que levou à União Ibérica e mais tarde à Restauração da
Independência- fruto da crise do Império Espanhol que entrou em declínio em inícios
do século XVII, devido a variados fatores nomeadamente a ascensão dos Impérios do
Norte da Europa- Holandês e Inglês. Em Itália no século XIV surge um movimento
cultural- o Renascimento que veio a alterar a mentalidade e a arte. Por fim o
movimento Protestante que fez ruir a supremacia da Igreja Católica no continente
Europeu.
O objetivo principal que dirigiu a planificação do bloco didático e que por sua
vez ilustra a proposta didática aqui presente passa pela vontade de estabelecer uma
importância da localização espácio-temporal, da humanização das personagens
históricas e do desenvolvimento do gosto pela História.
This Supervised Teaching Practice Report was developed in the context of the course unit of Initiation of Professional Practice III of the master’s in history teaching in the 3rd cycle of basic education and Secondary Education with the purpose of presenting the didactics options made in the teaching of the didactic block. The internship took place in the secondary school D. Pedro V which belongs to the school cluster of Laranjeiras. The theme “Empires (centuries XVI-XVII), Renaissance and Reform- a didactic proposal” is included in the topic 5- Expansion and change in the centuries of XV and XVI of the 8th grade history programme. This didactic unit focuses on the Modern Age being that it begins with the Portuguese expansion towards the African continent and climaxing with the rise of the European Empires. Firstly, the focus was placed on the Portuguese Empire and its ways of exploring each continent where they were present- African, American, and Asian. Also, one class was dedicated to the Spanish Empire, focusing the presentation on the relations between them and the American civilizations- Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas. Then the focus shifted to Portugal and the conjuncture that led to the Iberian Union and later the Restoration of Independence, product of the Spanish Empire crisis that took place in the beginning of the XVII century. The reasons are varied, being that the ascension of the north European empires- Dutch and English- are one of the most significant. In the beginning of the XIV century, in Italy, a cultural movement, the Renaissance appeared, and changed the mentality and art. Lastly the Protestant movement crumbled the Catholic supremacy in Europe. The main purpose that steered the planification of the classes and that illustrates the didactic proposal is connected to a will of giving importance to the learning of the space and time location, the humanization of the historical figures and the development of an appreciation for History.
This Supervised Teaching Practice Report was developed in the context of the course unit of Initiation of Professional Practice III of the master’s in history teaching in the 3rd cycle of basic education and Secondary Education with the purpose of presenting the didactics options made in the teaching of the didactic block. The internship took place in the secondary school D. Pedro V which belongs to the school cluster of Laranjeiras. The theme “Empires (centuries XVI-XVII), Renaissance and Reform- a didactic proposal” is included in the topic 5- Expansion and change in the centuries of XV and XVI of the 8th grade history programme. This didactic unit focuses on the Modern Age being that it begins with the Portuguese expansion towards the African continent and climaxing with the rise of the European Empires. Firstly, the focus was placed on the Portuguese Empire and its ways of exploring each continent where they were present- African, American, and Asian. Also, one class was dedicated to the Spanish Empire, focusing the presentation on the relations between them and the American civilizations- Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas. Then the focus shifted to Portugal and the conjuncture that led to the Iberian Union and later the Restoration of Independence, product of the Spanish Empire crisis that took place in the beginning of the XVII century. The reasons are varied, being that the ascension of the north European empires- Dutch and English- are one of the most significant. In the beginning of the XIV century, in Italy, a cultural movement, the Renaissance appeared, and changed the mentality and art. Lastly the Protestant movement crumbled the Catholic supremacy in Europe. The main purpose that steered the planification of the classes and that illustrates the didactic proposal is connected to a will of giving importance to the learning of the space and time location, the humanization of the historical figures and the development of an appreciation for History.
Descrição
Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada, Mestrado em Ensino de História no 3º Ciclo do Ensino Básico e no Ensino Secundário, Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2021
Palavras-chave
História moderna Renascimento História - Estudo e ensino Reforma protestante Relatórios da prática de ensino supervisionada - 2021