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O papel do enfermeiro no controlo da dor na pessoa idosa institucionalizada
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Uma das formas de promover a qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa é o controlo sistemático da dor. A maior parte das patologias que afetam os idosos são dolorosas, e estão dependentes dos enfermeiros na gestão da sua dor. OBJETIVOS: Descrever as experiências de dor e sofrimento dos enfermeiros enquanto pessoas e cuidadores, descrever os cuidados que prestam à pessoa idosa no controlo da dor, descrever de que forma é feita a avaliação da dor na pessoa idosa, e identificar a fonte dos conhecimentos sobre a avaliação e o controlo da dor na pessoa idosa. MÉTODO: Estudo qualitativo, transversal e descritivo, desenvolvido com nove enfermeiros, através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados através do método análise de conteúdo (Bardim, 2009). RESULTADOS: As experiências de dor e sofrimento enquanto pessoas e cuidadores remeteram, respetivamente, a uma dor causada pelo sofrimento contido nas relações interpessoais, como a perda de entes queridos e também com o desgaste da profissão; demonstraram que a dor das pessoas idosas tem o sofrimento como génese, que muitas vezes é fruto da solidão, dividiram dor sintoma, de dor sofrimento, referiram que a pessoa idosa sente dor de forma diferente das outras pessoas; referiram ainda que as escalas utilizadas para avaliação da dor eram inadequadas; descrença dos enfermeiros no relato da dor. As fontes principais de conhecimento sobre a dor foram as formações ao longo da carreira profissional. CONCLUSÃO: O trabalho do enfermeiro está centrado nos cuidados básicos. A dor nas pessoas idosas tem fundo emocional e afetivo, e a avaliação da dor é feita esporadicamente em pessoas doentes que verbalizam. É necessário que sejam realizadas formações específicas na área da dor, para que um programa de controlo da dor seja implementado no serviço.
One of the ways to promote the quality of life of the elderly is the systematic management of the pain. Most of the pathologies that affect the elderly are painful and they depend on the nurses to manage their pain. GOALS: to describe the experiences of pain and the nurses’ suffering when controlling the pain; to describe on which ways is made the evaluation of pain of the elderly and to identify the source of knowledge about the evaluation and the pain management on the elderly. METHOD: qualitative study, transverse and descriptive, based on semi-structured interviews with nine nurses. The data were analyzed through the method of analysis of content. (Bardim, 2009). RESULTS: The experiences of pain and suffering while people and while caregivers referred, respectively, to a pain caused by suffering based on interpersonal relations, the same felt when losing the loved ones and also due to the job wear ; have shown that the pain of the elderly has the suffering as origin, that so many times is the result of loneliness, divided the pain symptom and the pain felted, have shown that the elderly feel the pain in a different way if compared to other people, they have also shown that the scales used to evaluate the pain were ineffective and also the nurses’ disbelief on the report of the pain. The main sources of knowledge about the pain were taken essentially from the training attended though the professional career. CONCLUSION: The nurse’s work is focused on basic healthcare. The pain in the elderly has an emotional and affective basis and the evaluation of the pain is sporadically done in patients that can verbalize it. It is necessary some specific training in this area, pain, so that a program of pain management can be implemented in the service.
One of the ways to promote the quality of life of the elderly is the systematic management of the pain. Most of the pathologies that affect the elderly are painful and they depend on the nurses to manage their pain. GOALS: to describe the experiences of pain and the nurses’ suffering when controlling the pain; to describe on which ways is made the evaluation of pain of the elderly and to identify the source of knowledge about the evaluation and the pain management on the elderly. METHOD: qualitative study, transverse and descriptive, based on semi-structured interviews with nine nurses. The data were analyzed through the method of analysis of content. (Bardim, 2009). RESULTS: The experiences of pain and suffering while people and while caregivers referred, respectively, to a pain caused by suffering based on interpersonal relations, the same felt when losing the loved ones and also due to the job wear ; have shown that the pain of the elderly has the suffering as origin, that so many times is the result of loneliness, divided the pain symptom and the pain felted, have shown that the elderly feel the pain in a different way if compared to other people, they have also shown that the scales used to evaluate the pain were ineffective and also the nurses’ disbelief on the report of the pain. The main sources of knowledge about the pain were taken essentially from the training attended though the professional career. CONCLUSION: The nurse’s work is focused on basic healthcare. The pain in the elderly has an emotional and affective basis and the evaluation of the pain is sporadically done in patients that can verbalize it. It is necessary some specific training in this area, pain, so that a program of pain management can be implemented in the service.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Ciências da Dor, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2013
Palavras-chave
Dor Pessoa idosa Controlo da dor Cuidados de enfermagem Experiências dos enfermeiros Teses de mestrado - 2013