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HIV-1 impact on oral health-related quality of life: a cross-sectional study
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Objectives: To assess the impact of HIV-1 infection on the OHRQOL in individuals with dental treatment needs using the OHIP-49 and to determine which additional factors contribute to an increase on the social impact of oral conditions among HIV-1 positive patients. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic study that compared two groups of patients. Group 1 (n=60) consisted of HIV negative patients, group 2 (n=265) consisted of patients from the same socio-economic environment but HIV-1 positive. The proportion of positive impacts in the 49 questions of the OHIP and prevalence ratios between groups were calculated with 95% confidence intervals. OHIP total and subscale scores were determined by addition and presented as mean ± standard error of mean. A stepwise regression analysis was carried out to determine the contributions of the possible explanatory variables on different levels and total OHIP scores. The significance level was set at α=0.05. Results: Cronbach’s alpha statistic values obtained for each of the subscales ranged between 0.82 and 0.98, indicating excellent reliability. Patients in group 2 experienced an increased proportion of positive impacts in every question, ranging from 37% to 84% versus 9% to 79% in group 1. Group 2 demonstrated significantly higher (P<0.05) OHIP total score (86.16 ± 2.41 vs. 67.32 ± 2.41) and subscale scores, except for “Physical Pain”, “Physical Disability” and “Social Disability” subscales. HIV-1 infection presented an independent effect in the reduction of the OHRQOL for total and all subscales of the questionnaire. Variables “DMFt index”, “at least one anterior tooth missing” and “drug use” were found to have an independent effect on questionnaire scores. Conclusions: HIV-1 infection has an independent and negative impact on the OHRQOL. Additional factors like a high DMFt index, prostodontic needs and drug use contribute to a worst OHRQOL of people living with HIV.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Medicina Dentária, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, 2015
Palavras-chave
Saúde oral Tratamento dentário Qualidade de vida HIV-1 Teses de mestrado - 2015