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Hábitos privados práticas públicas o lixo no quotidiano
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Apesar do muito que já se avançou em Portugal no âmbito das políticas públicas de resíduos urbanos, estas continuam a revelar-se insuficientes para conseguir o desvio do aterro como destino final e assim atingir as metas. A presente pesquisa parte de uma visão sobre o lixo enquanto problema ambiental, ao qual as políticas públicas procuram dar resposta e, para isso, a participação da população revela-se um elemento essencial, sobretudo na separação do lixo doméstico para reciclagem. A pesquisa é orientada por três objectivos: 1) analisar a articulação / desarticulação entre a produção de resíduos urbanos, a abordagem das políticas públicas e a sensibilização da opinião pública; 2) contribuir para identificar formas de aproximação entre cidadãos e entidades públicas locais, que favoreçam uma participação social efectiva nas políticas públicas; e 3) analisar as práticas quotidianas da relação com o lixo na esfera doméstica. Estes objectivos são atravessados analiticamente por uma dimensão da ordem do privado (práticas domésticas e satisfação residencial) e por uma dimensão da ordem do público (relação cidadãos-entidades públicas e envolvimento local). Atendendo à importância do “local” no âmbito destas práticas, em particular as características materiais da envolvente residencial na vivência do quotidiano, optou-se por centrar a pesquisa no concelho de Sintra, abrangendo diversos tipos de localidades. Para dar resposta aos objectivos, optou-se pelo enfoque na escala de espaço-tempo do quotidiano e por uma visão integrada, em que se destaca a importância da interacção e dos contextos. Assim, a abordagem analítica incide na diversidade do conceito de lixo no quotidiano; nas práticas e dinâmicas familiares em torno do lixo; nos lugares que este ocupa no espaço doméstico; nos momentos de transmutação de um hábito privado para uma prática pública, que ocorrem nos equipamentos colectivos do sistema de recolha de resíduos; e, por fim, na capacidade de participação pública e de assumir uma responsabilidade partilhada entre cidadãos e entidades que têm um lixo comum a tratar.
Though a lot has been made in terms of urban waste public policies in Portugal, it seems they continue to be insuficient to assure that the final destiny of waste is the landfill and thus making impossible to reach european targets on recycling. This research starts with an insight into waste as an environmental problem, to which public policies seek to respond. In order to do so people active participation proves to be an essential element, especially in the separation of household waste for recycling. The research is guided by three objectives: 1) to analyze the articulation / disarticulation between the production of urban waste, the approach of public policies and public awareness, 2) identify ways to contribute to rapprochement between citizens and local authorities, which favor effective social participation in public policies, and 3) examine the everyday practices of waste in relation to the domestic sphere. These objectives are crossed analytically by a private dimension (domestic practices and residential satisfaction) and a public dimension (relationship between citizens-public entities and local engagement). Given the importance of the "local" in the context of these practices, in particular the characteristics of the materials surrounding the residential experience of everyday life, we chose to focus the search in Sintra, covering different types of locations. In order to respond to the objectives, we chose to focus on the scale of space-time of everyday life and on an integrated vision, in which we highlight the importance of interaction and contexts. Thus, the analytical approach focuses on the concept of diversity in the everyday life waste; practices and family dynamics around waste; places in which it occupies in domestic space; in moments of transmutation of a private habit for a private public practice, occurring in the collective equipment of the waste collection system and, finally, the ability of public participation and the assumption of a shared responsibility between citizens and entities that have a common waste to deal with.
Though a lot has been made in terms of urban waste public policies in Portugal, it seems they continue to be insuficient to assure that the final destiny of waste is the landfill and thus making impossible to reach european targets on recycling. This research starts with an insight into waste as an environmental problem, to which public policies seek to respond. In order to do so people active participation proves to be an essential element, especially in the separation of household waste for recycling. The research is guided by three objectives: 1) to analyze the articulation / disarticulation between the production of urban waste, the approach of public policies and public awareness, 2) identify ways to contribute to rapprochement between citizens and local authorities, which favor effective social participation in public policies, and 3) examine the everyday practices of waste in relation to the domestic sphere. These objectives are crossed analytically by a private dimension (domestic practices and residential satisfaction) and a public dimension (relationship between citizens-public entities and local engagement). Given the importance of the "local" in the context of these practices, in particular the characteristics of the materials surrounding the residential experience of everyday life, we chose to focus the search in Sintra, covering different types of locations. In order to respond to the objectives, we chose to focus on the scale of space-time of everyday life and on an integrated vision, in which we highlight the importance of interaction and contexts. Thus, the analytical approach focuses on the concept of diversity in the everyday life waste; practices and family dynamics around waste; places in which it occupies in domestic space; in moments of transmutation of a private habit for a private public practice, occurring in the collective equipment of the waste collection system and, finally, the ability of public participation and the assumption of a shared responsibility between citizens and entities that have a common waste to deal with.
Descrição
Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Sociais (Sociologia Geral), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2013
Palavras-chave
Teses de doutoramento - 2013