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Is the 0.7% goal of ODA/GNI still adequate?
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Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar se a meta da ajuda internacional de 0,7% da renda nacional dos países ricos a ser destinada à ajuda ao desenvolvimento ainda é adequada às condições mundiais atuais. Para tal, a dissertação investiga as origens da meta e as principais teorias econômicas e o contexto político que a fundamentaram. A revisão teórica mostrou que as teorias e modelos econômicos que embasaram a meta e sua lógica de assistência internacional são, em geral, considerados desatualizados no meio acadêmico. A análise empírica utilizou como metodologia o Two-Gap Model - com as mesmas premissas feitas para criar a meta na década de 1960, mas utilizando dados atuais - para estimar os valores da meta para os anos 2014-2019. Os resultados mostraram que, para quase todas as hipóteses, o montante da ajuda necessária para o desenvolvimento dos países pobres seria menor do que a meta sugere. Além disso, ao analisar diferentes regiões, foram encontrados números distintos para a meta, o que revela que a meta de 0,7% generalizou erroneamente as necessidades dos países em desenvolvimento.
This dissertation aims to verify whether the international aid target of 0.7% of the rich countries' national income to be destined to development aid is still adequate to the world current conditions. In order to do so, it investigates the origins of the target and the main economic theories and political context that underpinned it. The theoretical review showed that the economic theories and models that supported the target and its aid rationale are in general considered outdated in the academic field. The empirical analysis used the Two-Gap Model methodology - with the same assumptions made to create the target in the 1960s but using current data - to estimate the target's values for the years 2014-2019. The results showed that, for almost all assumptions, the amount of aid needed for the development of poor countries would be less than the target suggests. Furthermore, when analyzing different regions, distinct figures were found for the target, which reveals that the 0.7% target has wrongly generalized the developing countries' needs.
This dissertation aims to verify whether the international aid target of 0.7% of the rich countries' national income to be destined to development aid is still adequate to the world current conditions. In order to do so, it investigates the origins of the target and the main economic theories and political context that underpinned it. The theoretical review showed that the economic theories and models that supported the target and its aid rationale are in general considered outdated in the academic field. The empirical analysis used the Two-Gap Model methodology - with the same assumptions made to create the target in the 1960s but using current data - to estimate the target's values for the years 2014-2019. The results showed that, for almost all assumptions, the amount of aid needed for the development of poor countries would be less than the target suggests. Furthermore, when analyzing different regions, distinct figures were found for the target, which reveals that the 0.7% target has wrongly generalized the developing countries' needs.
Descrição
Mestrado em Desenvolvimento e Cooperação Internacional
Palavras-chave
Ajuda APD/RNB dual-gap model desenvolvimento Aid ODA/GNI DAC-OECD development
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Muniz, Bárbara Nicola Barbosa (2020). "Is the 0.7% goal of ODA/GNI still adequate?". Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão