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Reações comportamentais e emocionais à infidelidade romântica : efeitos do método de descoberta, da satisfação relacional e do estilo de vinculação
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Resumo(s)
O presente estudo procurou compreender a influência que o método de descoberta da infidelidade, a satisfação relacional e o estilo de vinculação podem ter sobre as reações comportamentais e emocionais a situações de infidelidade. Uma amostra de 164 participantes respondeu inicialmente a algumas questões acerca da sua experiência anterior com infidelidade, e à escala Experiências em Relações Próximas – Versão Reduzida. Em seguida, os participantes liam um dos oito cenários hipotéticos de infidelidade, através dos quais se manipulava a satisfação relacional com a relação existente e o método de descoberta da infidelidade, e eram solicitados a responder à Escala das Reações à Infidelidade, desenvolvida no âmbito deste estudo. Na resposta a esta escala, os participantes indicavam a probabilidade de realizarem cada um dos comportamentos e de sentirem cada um dos estados afetivos referidos, em resposta ao cenário que lhes tinha sido aleatoriamente atribuído. Os resultados sugerem que a satisfação relacional e o estilo de vinculação predizem significativamente distintas reações à infidelidade. Mais especificamente, a satisfação relacional prediz as reações comportamentais de expressão do afeto negativo e as reações emocionais de aversão e satisfação. Já a preocupação prediz as reações comportamentais de expressão do afeto negativo e de vingança, bem como as reações emocionais de desvalorização/humilhação, aversão e aflição. Por outro lado, a evitação prediz de forma significativa as reações comportamentais de investimento na relação e vingança. Para além disso, as reações emocionais à infidelidade medeiam os efeitos do estilo de vinculação e da satisfação nas reações de expressão do afeto negativo. No final, hipóteses explicativas dos resultados, limitações, sugestões e implicações clínicas são discutidas.
The present study’s objective was to understand the influence that the method of infidelity discovery, relationship satisfaction, and attachment style may have on behavioural and emotional reactions to infidelity situations. A sample of 164 participants began by answering a few questions about their previous experience with infidelity and to the portuguese version of the Experiences in Close Relationships – Short Version scale. Afterwards, the participants read one of eight hypothetical infidelity scenarios, where the satisfaction with the existing relationship and the method of infidelity discovery were manipulated, and were asked to respond to the Escala das Reações à Infidelidade (Reactions to Infidelity Scale), developed for this study. In this scale, participants reported on the likelihood of engaging in each behavior and feeling each of the affective states presented, in response to the scenario they were randomly assigned to. The results suggest that relationship satisfaction and attachment style significantly predict distinct reactions to infidelity. More specifically, relationship satisfaction predicts the behavioral reactions of negative affect expression, and the emotional reactions of disgust and satisfaction. Additionally, attachment anxiety predicts the behavioral reactions of negative affect expression and revenge, as well as the emotional reactions of worthlessness/humiliation, disgust and distress. On the other hand, attachment avoidance predicts the behavioral reactions of investment in the relationship and revenge. Furthermore, emotional reactions to infidelity were shown to mediate the effects of attachment style and relationship satisfaction on reactions of negative affect expression. In closing, explanatory hypothesis, limitations, suggestions and clinical implications are discussed.
The present study’s objective was to understand the influence that the method of infidelity discovery, relationship satisfaction, and attachment style may have on behavioural and emotional reactions to infidelity situations. A sample of 164 participants began by answering a few questions about their previous experience with infidelity and to the portuguese version of the Experiences in Close Relationships – Short Version scale. Afterwards, the participants read one of eight hypothetical infidelity scenarios, where the satisfaction with the existing relationship and the method of infidelity discovery were manipulated, and were asked to respond to the Escala das Reações à Infidelidade (Reactions to Infidelity Scale), developed for this study. In this scale, participants reported on the likelihood of engaging in each behavior and feeling each of the affective states presented, in response to the scenario they were randomly assigned to. The results suggest that relationship satisfaction and attachment style significantly predict distinct reactions to infidelity. More specifically, relationship satisfaction predicts the behavioral reactions of negative affect expression, and the emotional reactions of disgust and satisfaction. Additionally, attachment anxiety predicts the behavioral reactions of negative affect expression and revenge, as well as the emotional reactions of worthlessness/humiliation, disgust and distress. On the other hand, attachment avoidance predicts the behavioral reactions of investment in the relationship and revenge. Furthermore, emotional reactions to infidelity were shown to mediate the effects of attachment style and relationship satisfaction on reactions of negative affect expression. In closing, explanatory hypothesis, limitations, suggestions and clinical implications are discussed.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicoterapia Cognitivo-Comportamental e Integrativa), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2019
Palavras-chave
Vínculo afectivo Coping Infidelidade Teses de mestrado - 2019