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Avaliação retrospetiva da resposta ao tratamento cirúrgico da gengivoestomatite crónica em gatos infetados com o vírus da leucemia felina
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Resumo(s)
A gengivoestomatite crónica felina (GECF) é uma doença inflamatória oral multifatorial. O respetivo tratamento cirúrgico com extrações dentárias apresenta globalmente os melhores resultados clínicos a longo-prazo, embora a sua eficácia varie entre os 70 e os 80%. Os gatos infetados com o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) podem apresentar afeções dentárias e também GECF.
Neste estudo retrospetivo, o objetivo foi verificar em que medida o FeLV poderia interferir com o prognóstico pós-cirúrgico da GECF, a médio-longo prazo. Como tal, foram incluídos no estudo gatos submetidos a extrações dentárias por GECF: 22 gatos positivos para o FeLV (Grupo F) e 23 gatos negativos para esse retrovírus (Grupo C).
Foi possível constatar que, comparativamente com o grupo controlo, os gatos com GECF com FeLV possuíam significativamente mais glossite, mais periodontite e menos estomatite proliferativa. Tinham também um prognóstico pós-cirúrgico significativamente pior. No entanto, nos dois grupos, a extensão das extrações dentárias e a necessidade de tratamento médico complementar anterior e posterior à cirurgia não estavam significativamente associadas ao prognóstico pós-cirúrgico. No Grupo F, os gatos que recidivaram apresentaram significativamente menor probabilidade de melhorar clinicamente com a cirurgia dentária. Adicionalmente, constatou-se que desde a cirurgia, o tempo de vida dos gatos do Grupo F foi menor comparativamente com o Grupo C, embora não de forma significativa.
Este estudo sugere que o benefício do tratamento cirúrgico da GECF é menor em gatos com FeLV.
ABSTRACT - Retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcome of the surgical treatment of feline chronic gingivostomatitis in cats infected with Feline Leukemia Virus - Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a multifactor oral inflammatory disease. Surgical treatment with tooth extraction is the approach that globally has the best long term clinical outcome. However, its efficacy varies between 70 to 80%. Cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) might show dental abnormalities and have FCGS. In this retrospective study, the objective was to verify how could FeLV be involved with post-surgical outcome of FCGS, in the medium-long term. Therefore, cats that went under dental extractions for FCGS were included in this study: 22 cats FeLV-positive (Group F) and 23 cats that tested negative for this retrovirus (Group C). It was possible to verify that, in comparison with the control group, cats with FCGS and FeLV had significantly more glossitis, more periodontitis and less proliferative stomatitis. They also had a significantly worst post-surgical outcome. However, in both groups, the extent of tooth extraction and the need for complementary medical treatment before and after surgery were not significantly associated with post-surgical clinical outcome. In Group F, cats that relapsed had significantly less probability to become clinically better with dental surgery. Also, it was found that since the surgery, the lifetime of cats of Group F was shorter than the one verified on Group C. Nevertheless, the difference was not statistically relevant. This study suggests that the benefit of surgical treatment for FCGS is lower in cats with FeLV.
ABSTRACT - Retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcome of the surgical treatment of feline chronic gingivostomatitis in cats infected with Feline Leukemia Virus - Feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS) is a multifactor oral inflammatory disease. Surgical treatment with tooth extraction is the approach that globally has the best long term clinical outcome. However, its efficacy varies between 70 to 80%. Cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) might show dental abnormalities and have FCGS. In this retrospective study, the objective was to verify how could FeLV be involved with post-surgical outcome of FCGS, in the medium-long term. Therefore, cats that went under dental extractions for FCGS were included in this study: 22 cats FeLV-positive (Group F) and 23 cats that tested negative for this retrovirus (Group C). It was possible to verify that, in comparison with the control group, cats with FCGS and FeLV had significantly more glossitis, more periodontitis and less proliferative stomatitis. They also had a significantly worst post-surgical outcome. However, in both groups, the extent of tooth extraction and the need for complementary medical treatment before and after surgery were not significantly associated with post-surgical clinical outcome. In Group F, cats that relapsed had significantly less probability to become clinically better with dental surgery. Also, it was found that since the surgery, the lifetime of cats of Group F was shorter than the one verified on Group C. Nevertheless, the difference was not statistically relevant. This study suggests that the benefit of surgical treatment for FCGS is lower in cats with FeLV.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Gengivoestomatite crónica felina gato extração dentária vírus da leucemia felina prognóstico pós-cirúrgico Feline chronic gingivostomatitis cat tooth extraction feline leukemia virus post-surgical outcome
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Silva MAL 2021. Avaliação retrospetiva da resposta ao tratamento cirúrgico da gengivoestomatite crónica em gatos infetados com o vírus da leucemia felina [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária