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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Uma das características inquestionáveis das democracias modernas é o método pelo qual os governados escolhem os governantes: o sufrágio universal.
Independentemente da ideologia política defendida, assumimos que um sistema de governo não pode, em caso algum, prosseguir outro fim que não o bem-estar social.
Partindo deste pressuposto, pretendemos fazer uma análise económica das regras que enquadram o sufrágio em Portugal, tentando apontar falhas e ineficiências.
Introduziremos na nossa análise elementos comportamentais trazidos e estudados pela escola da Economia Comportamental.
Tentaremos perceber se - verificados determinados factos que interferem com a as escolhas racionais de cada cidadão, de uma forma sistemática e generalizada - o método democrático de apuração da vontade da maioria é, neste momento, eficiente.
Para isso identificaremos e analisaremos dois problemas ligados ao sufrágio democrático: a abstenção e a justiça intergeracional.
Apresentaremos, finalmente, algumas hipóteses que podem ser consideradas pelas Políticas Públicas para minimizar o impacto destes dois problemas. Uma delas é a instituição do chamado “Demeny Voting.”
One of the undoubted characteristics of modern Democracies is the procedure by which the governed choose their governors: the universal suffrage. Regardless of the political ideology advocated, we assume that a system of government cannot, under any circumstances, have any other purpose but the improvement of the social welfare. Under this assumption, we intend to make an economic analysis of the rules governing the suffrage in Portugal, trying to point out failures and inefficiencies. In this analysis we introduced behavioural elements, particularly explored by the school of “Behavioural Economics”. Having verified certain facts that interfere with the rational choices of the voters in a general and systematic way, we have tried to understand whether the democratic method, that determines the will of the majority, is, at this time, efficient. For that purpose, we have identified and analysed two problems connected to democratic suffrage: abstention and intergenerational justice. Finally, we present a few ideas that may be considered by Public Policies makers with the main objective to mitigate the impact of these two structural problems. One of these ideas is the institution of the so-called “Demeny Voting”.
One of the undoubted characteristics of modern Democracies is the procedure by which the governed choose their governors: the universal suffrage. Regardless of the political ideology advocated, we assume that a system of government cannot, under any circumstances, have any other purpose but the improvement of the social welfare. Under this assumption, we intend to make an economic analysis of the rules governing the suffrage in Portugal, trying to point out failures and inefficiencies. In this analysis we introduced behavioural elements, particularly explored by the school of “Behavioural Economics”. Having verified certain facts that interfere with the rational choices of the voters in a general and systematic way, we have tried to understand whether the democratic method, that determines the will of the majority, is, at this time, efficient. For that purpose, we have identified and analysed two problems connected to democratic suffrage: abstention and intergenerational justice. Finally, we present a few ideas that may be considered by Public Policies makers with the main objective to mitigate the impact of these two structural problems. One of these ideas is the institution of the so-called “Demeny Voting”.
Description
Keywords
Análise económica do direito Democracia Economia comportamental Participação política Justiça intergeracional Teses de mestrado - 2021