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Publication
Uma releitura do processo de Prisciliano de Ávila
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Abstract(s)
Prisciliano de Ávila (c.340-385) e os seus ensinamentos continuam a suscitar vários tipos de interrogações e novas perspetivas da problemática a eles inerente. A sua disciplina espiritual pessoal e a procura pela santidade encontram-se cada vez mais atuais em consonância com os movimentos cristãos contemporâneos, que priorizam a piedade individual, e a sua luta contra as estruturas hierárquicas da Igreja continua relevante, numa era de declínio da confiança institucional. Um dos desafios de estudar Prisciliano é a natureza limitada das fontes supérstites. Muitos dos seus escritos perderam-se ou foram destruídos após a sua execução e, grande parte do que hoje se sabe sobre a sua vida e dos seus ensinamentos provêm dos trabalhos dos seus oponentes, inevitavelmente coloridos pelos seus próprios juízos e pensamentos. No caso do Bispo de Ávila, a realidade histórica está bastante misturada com a construção mítica. É, pois, importante saber quem foi historicamente Prisciliano, mas também é essencial compreender o que a sua memória mítica fez supor ao longo dos séculos. Numa tentativa de separação do Mito da História, será necessário fazer uma análise do enquadramento histórico do Império Romano e do cristianismo do século IV, bem como do enquadramento geográfico particular da Hispânia Ocidental. As vicissitudes particulares de um período de instabilidade política, social e económica, aliadas a uma ortodoxia cristã em plena construção, serão as principais pistas que podem levar a fazer uma releitura do processo de Prisciliano de Ávila.
Este trabalho procura responder às seguintes questões:
Seria Prisciliano efetivamente herege e, se o foi, relativamente a quem ou a quê, ou apenas um rigoroso asceta? Seriam as acusações verdadeiras e os seus acusadores idóneos para as fazer? Terá o processo sido conduzido de acordo com os preceitos legais coevos? O que motivou o processo de Prisciliano? Quem beneficiou do processo e da eliminação de Prisciliano?
Priscillian of Ávila (c.340- 385) and his teachings continue to stimulate various kinds of questions and new perspectives. Priscillian’s spiritual discipline and quest for holiness are increasingly relevant in line with contemporary Christian movements, which prioritize individual piety. and his fight against hierarchical Church structures remains relevant in an Era of declining institutional trust. One of the challenges of studying Priscillian is the limited nature of the surviving sources. Many of his writings were lost or destroyed after his execution. Much of what is known today about his life and teachings comes from the works of his opponents, inevitably colored by their judgments and thoughts. In the case of the Bishop of Ávila, the historical reality is blended with the mythical reality: It is important to understand not only who Priscillian was historically, but also the mythical memory that his life has created over the centuries. Attempting to separate Myth and History, it is necessary to analyze the historical framework of the Roman Empire and Christianity in the 4th century, in addition to the particular geographical framework of Western Hispania. The specific vicissitudes of a period of political, social, and economic instability, combined with a Christian orthodoxy in full construction, will be the main clues that can lead to a re-reading of the process of Priscillian of Ávila. Questions such as: Was Priscillian a heretic, and being so, regarding who or what, or just a strict ascetic? Were the accusations true and were his accusers suitable to make them? Was the trial conducted following the legal precepts of the time? What prompted Priscillian's trial? Who benefited from the trial and elimination of Priscillian?
Priscillian of Ávila (c.340- 385) and his teachings continue to stimulate various kinds of questions and new perspectives. Priscillian’s spiritual discipline and quest for holiness are increasingly relevant in line with contemporary Christian movements, which prioritize individual piety. and his fight against hierarchical Church structures remains relevant in an Era of declining institutional trust. One of the challenges of studying Priscillian is the limited nature of the surviving sources. Many of his writings were lost or destroyed after his execution. Much of what is known today about his life and teachings comes from the works of his opponents, inevitably colored by their judgments and thoughts. In the case of the Bishop of Ávila, the historical reality is blended with the mythical reality: It is important to understand not only who Priscillian was historically, but also the mythical memory that his life has created over the centuries. Attempting to separate Myth and History, it is necessary to analyze the historical framework of the Roman Empire and Christianity in the 4th century, in addition to the particular geographical framework of Western Hispania. The specific vicissitudes of a period of political, social, and economic instability, combined with a Christian orthodoxy in full construction, will be the main clues that can lead to a re-reading of the process of Priscillian of Ávila. Questions such as: Was Priscillian a heretic, and being so, regarding who or what, or just a strict ascetic? Were the accusations true and were his accusers suitable to make them? Was the trial conducted following the legal precepts of the time? What prompted Priscillian's trial? Who benefited from the trial and elimination of Priscillian?