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Analysis of population structure within the Limonium vulgare complex in the Iberian Peninsula
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Resumo(s)
The Limonium genus is comprised of more than 600 species, with a widespread cosmopolitan distribution and many species’ complexes, with several closely related species. The genus shows a huge cytogenetic diversity, with sexual and/or asexual reproduction modes, frequent hybridization, making genomic approaches difficult when using older methods. The Limonium vulgare complex consists of several morphologically similar species that vary in ploidy, distributed throughout coastal areas. Among them the closely related tetraploid L. vulgare and L. maritimum, hexaploid L. humile as well as hybrid L. x neumanii, and L. eduardi-diasii. A recent genomic study by Pina-Martins and co-authors published in 2023 on this complex using Genotyping-by-sequencing separated all samples by species and provided new insight into the genomic variability within this complex. However, given the low sampling size per population, some questions were left unanswered and/or lacked robust results. In this study, using the same methodology, plants from four separate Limonium species and hybrid L x neumanii from Iberian Peninsula and Açores populations were sequenced to expand the previous work. We bundled all the data from previous and this study, which enabled the assembly of more comprehensive and flexible datasets that were analysed using FineRADstructure and Alstructure. Our results demonstrated that the L. eduardi-diasii clustered as a separate species, while the L. maritimum samples did not cluster separately from L. vulgare, contrasting with previous findings. Most L. vulgare populations revealed a clustering gradient from north to south. The L. humile and L. x neumanii sampled from Galicia clustered as L. vulgare, which led us to hypothesize that the species from those populations might freely introgress with one another, leading to genomically homogenous populations. Overall, both karyological and experimental hybridization studies, as well as more in-depth genomic studies need to be undertaken, to provide further insight into our findings.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Biologia Evolutiva e do Desenvolvimento, 2025, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências
Palavras-chave
Limonium Species Complex NGS Gene-Flow Population Structure