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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Ota tem sido, recorrentemente, integrada em mapas, em discursos e dados empíricos
sobre as mais diversas temáticas, em muito devido à sua larga diacronia de ocupação - Neolítico
Final ao Período Islâmico – essencialmente baseada no espólio do “Castro” de Ota, em depósito
no Museu Hipólito Cabaço (Alenquer). Este foi integralmente apresentado em 1956, por Ernani
Barbosa num artigo expositivo, funcionando, ainda nos dias de hoje, como base ilustrativa do
espólio existente.
O estudo presente nesta dissertação conjuga as duas realidades disponíveis até à data, a
coleção do Museu e o resultado do projecto COTA – Canhão Cársico de Ota – procurando o seu
enquadramento sociocultural e cronológico. O vazio de conhecimento existente sobre as
estruturas e espaços do sítio, em toda a diacronia, tornou de extrema utilidade esta abordagem,
procurando compreender, e relacionar, a paisagem antrópica dos períodos Neolítico/Calcolítico,
com a “Macro” Região da Estremadura Portuguesa e com a região imediata perfilada pela bacia
hidrográfica dos rios de Alenquer, Grande da Pipa e Ota, que partilham a mesma base geológica
– Jurássico “Lusitaniano”.
Apesar da fragilidade resultante da ausência de contextos, a procura de paralelos com os
sítios mais reconhecidos, em áreas limítrofes, permitiu o estabelecimento de uma caracterização
cronológica relativa e genérica dos materiais arqueológicos. A sua análise seguiu muitas das
propostas de outros autores, ainda que se tenha procurado desenvolver alguns aspectos em
particular, gerando interpretações e justificações preparadas para lidar, em alguns casos, com
possíveis adaptações locais.
O arqueossítio da Ota terá sido, acreditamos nós, em finais do IV milénio e nos séculos
seguintes do III, vivenciado mais intensamente por um conjunto de comunidades, cuja tipologia
de ocupação do espaço, ainda se encontra por determinar, em especial porque pode ganhar ritmos
diferenciados consoante a cronologia. Ainda que, segundo os dados disponíveis, as actividades
agrícolas e florestais se encontrem, minimamente, fundamentadas, em associação ao elevado
número de elementos de tear que poderão, também, suportar uma possível ocupação enquanto
povoado, do local em estudo.
Simultaneamente, as comunidades revelam a manutenção de contactos inter-regionais,
lidos através de algumas matérias-primas encontradas, quer seja devido a um intenso grau de
mobilidade ou relacionado com redes de troca. Esta influência encontra-se registada em materiais
como o anfibolito, os metais, o xisto e algumas tipologias cerâmicas. É certo que esta abordagem
careça de um estudo futuro de proveniências, a fim de alargar o conhecimento acerca das matériasprimas
em questão, ainda assim parecem-nos bons pontos de partida. A Ota representa assim,
mais do que um regresso a um sítio clássico, um regresso à Estremadura Portuguesa, que carece
de novas visões, dados, abordagens e preconceitos.
Ota has been recurrently integrated into maps, speeches and empirical data on the most diverse themes, much due to its wide diachronic occupation - Late Neolithic to the Islamic period - essentially based on the collection of the "Castro de Ota” in deposit at the Museum Hipólito Cabaço (Alenquer). The collection was fully published in 1956 by Ernani Barbosa in an exhibition article, running, still today, as the illustrative basis of the existing artifacts. The study presented in this dissertation combines the two realities available to date, the collection of the Museum and the result of the project COTA – Canhão Cársico de Ota - looking for its socio-cultural and chronological framework. The emptiness existing regarding the knowledge about the structures and spaces of the site, across the diachronic, has turned this approach extremely useful, once is seeking to understand and relate the anthropic landscape of Neolithic / Chalcolithic periods, with the "macro" region of Extremadura Portuguese and with the immediate region shaped by the river basin of the rivers of Alenquer, Grande da Pipa and Ota, who share the same geological base - Jurassic "Lusitaniano". Despite the fragility of the study, resulting from the absence of contexts, the demand for parallel with the most recognized sites in neighboring areas allowed the establishment of a relative chronological and generic characterization of the archeological materials. Its analysis followed many of the proposals already defined by other authors, although it has sought to develop some aspects in particular, generating interpretations and justifications prepared to deal with, in some cases, possible local adaptations. The “arqueossítio” of Ota have been, we believe, at the end of the fourth millennium and in the fallowing centuries of the 3rd, experienced more intensely by a number of communities whose occupation typology of space is still to be determined, especially because it can acquire differentiated rhythms, according to the chronology. Although, according to available data, the agricultural and forestry activities are minimally founded, in association with the high number of loom elements, the occupation of the site as a settlement, remains as the principal hypothesis. At the same time, communities reveal the maintenance of inter-regional contacts, read through some raw materials found, whether due to an intense degree of mobility or related with exchange networks. This influence is recorded in materials such as amphibolite, metals, shale and some ceramic types. It is true that this approach lacks a future study of sources, in order to extend the knowledge of the raw materials in question – even though it still seem, to us, a good starting points. Ota is thus, more than a return to a classic site, a return to Portuguese Estremadura, which lacks new insights, data, approaches and preconceptions.
Ota has been recurrently integrated into maps, speeches and empirical data on the most diverse themes, much due to its wide diachronic occupation - Late Neolithic to the Islamic period - essentially based on the collection of the "Castro de Ota” in deposit at the Museum Hipólito Cabaço (Alenquer). The collection was fully published in 1956 by Ernani Barbosa in an exhibition article, running, still today, as the illustrative basis of the existing artifacts. The study presented in this dissertation combines the two realities available to date, the collection of the Museum and the result of the project COTA – Canhão Cársico de Ota - looking for its socio-cultural and chronological framework. The emptiness existing regarding the knowledge about the structures and spaces of the site, across the diachronic, has turned this approach extremely useful, once is seeking to understand and relate the anthropic landscape of Neolithic / Chalcolithic periods, with the "macro" region of Extremadura Portuguese and with the immediate region shaped by the river basin of the rivers of Alenquer, Grande da Pipa and Ota, who share the same geological base - Jurassic "Lusitaniano". Despite the fragility of the study, resulting from the absence of contexts, the demand for parallel with the most recognized sites in neighboring areas allowed the establishment of a relative chronological and generic characterization of the archeological materials. Its analysis followed many of the proposals already defined by other authors, although it has sought to develop some aspects in particular, generating interpretations and justifications prepared to deal with, in some cases, possible local adaptations. The “arqueossítio” of Ota have been, we believe, at the end of the fourth millennium and in the fallowing centuries of the 3rd, experienced more intensely by a number of communities whose occupation typology of space is still to be determined, especially because it can acquire differentiated rhythms, according to the chronology. Although, according to available data, the agricultural and forestry activities are minimally founded, in association with the high number of loom elements, the occupation of the site as a settlement, remains as the principal hypothesis. At the same time, communities reveal the maintenance of inter-regional contacts, read through some raw materials found, whether due to an intense degree of mobility or related with exchange networks. This influence is recorded in materials such as amphibolite, metals, shale and some ceramic types. It is true that this approach lacks a future study of sources, in order to extend the knowledge of the raw materials in question – even though it still seem, to us, a good starting points. Ota is thus, more than a return to a classic site, a return to Portuguese Estremadura, which lacks new insights, data, approaches and preconceptions.
Description
Keywords
Ota (Alenquer, Portugal) - Vestígios arqueológicos pré-históricos Calcolítico - Portugal Sitios arqueológicos - Ota (Alenquer, Portugal) Teses de mestrado - 2016