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Adaptação, saudades de casa e sintomatologia depressiva nos estudantes deslocados
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A transição para a universidade é, só por si, uma altura de grandes mudanças para os estudantes. Estas mudanças são ainda mais acentuadas para os estudantes deslocados daMadeira e dos Açores que, não só têm que deixar a casa dos pais, como têm que se adaptar a um ambiente diferente e com diferentes recursos. O objectivo deste trabalho é estudar a eventual relação entre a adaptação, as saudades de casa e a sintomatologia depressiva. Recorreu-se ao método bola de neve e à internet para recolher uma amostra de 137 sujeitos, sendo que 80 são naturais da Madeira e 57 dos Açores, avaliados individualmente através do Questionário Sobre a Adaptação dos Estudantes Deslocados, Questionário Saudades de Casa e pela a CES-D. Hipotetizou-se que a sintomatologia depressiva apresentada está positivamente correlacionada com a intensidade das saudades de casa, (hipótese 1) e com as dificuldades de adaptação (hipótese 2). Procedeu-se à análise das relações entre estas três variáveis, nomeadamente à relação entre as duas variáveis independentes, saudades de casa e problemas de adaptação (hipótese 3). Verificamos, ainda, qual destas duas variáveis independentes está mais directamente ligada com a sintomatologia depressiva, sendo que se hipotetizou que a adaptação tem um efeito indirecto na depressão (hipótese 4). Os dados corroboram todas as hipóteses. Verificou-se ainda que os estudantes deslocados da Madeira têm níveis mais altos de sintomatologia depressiva face aos estudantes dos Açores e que 43,4% da amostra apresenta níveis altos de sintomatologia depressiva, acima de 30.
The transition to university is, in itself, a time of great change for the students. These changes are even more pronounced for students displaced from Madeira and the Azores, which not only have to leave their parents' home, as they have to adapt to a different environment and different resources. The purpose of this investigation is to study the possible relationship between the adjustment, the homesickness and depression symptoms. A snowball method and the internet (SURVS) was used to gather a sample of 137 subjects, of which 80 are from Madeira and 57 from Azores, individually assessed by Questionnaire Regarding Adaptation of Displaced Students, Homesickness Questionnaire and the CES-D. It has been hypothesized that depressive symptoms are positively correlated with the intensity of homesickness, (hypothesis 1) and the difficulties of adaptation (hypothesis 2). We also analyzed the relationship between these three variables, namely the relationship between the independent variables, homesickness and adjustment problems (hypothesis 3). We also observed which of these two independent variables is more directly linked with depressive symptoms, and is has been hypothesized that the adaptation has an indirect effect on depression (hypothesis 4). The data confirm all the hypotheses. It was also found that students displaced from Madeira have higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to students in the Azores and 43.4% of the sample has high levels of depressive symptoms, above 30.
The transition to university is, in itself, a time of great change for the students. These changes are even more pronounced for students displaced from Madeira and the Azores, which not only have to leave their parents' home, as they have to adapt to a different environment and different resources. The purpose of this investigation is to study the possible relationship between the adjustment, the homesickness and depression symptoms. A snowball method and the internet (SURVS) was used to gather a sample of 137 subjects, of which 80 are from Madeira and 57 from Azores, individually assessed by Questionnaire Regarding Adaptation of Displaced Students, Homesickness Questionnaire and the CES-D. It has been hypothesized that depressive symptoms are positively correlated with the intensity of homesickness, (hypothesis 1) and the difficulties of adaptation (hypothesis 2). We also analyzed the relationship between these three variables, namely the relationship between the independent variables, homesickness and adjustment problems (hypothesis 3). We also observed which of these two independent variables is more directly linked with depressive symptoms, and is has been hypothesized that the adaptation has an indirect effect on depression (hypothesis 4). The data confirm all the hypotheses. It was also found that students displaced from Madeira have higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to students in the Azores and 43.4% of the sample has high levels of depressive symptoms, above 30.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Núcleo de Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação, 2009
Palavras-chave
Depressão Estudantes universitários Saudade Teses de mestrado - 2009