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A Coleção Ferraz de Macedo : estudo e valorização da primeira coleção de antropologia física de Portugal
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Abstract(s)
This project work focuses on the study and valorization of the Ferraz de Macedo Physical Anthropology Collection, included in the National Museum of Natural History and Science. This collection brings together about 53 complete and incomplete skulls, having undergone several changes since it was collected until the present day. Ferraz de Macedo lived between 1845 and 1907 (62 years) and dedicated his life to cultivating himself, studying various subjects, among which he ended up developing a special taste for Physical Anthropology. Influenced by the main anthropologists of the time, he dedicated his studies to conducting cranial measurements, to refute the theory that cranial size determined whether the individual had criminal inclinations. After gathering a large number of measurements, he was able to prove that the theory was false. Thus, the first physical anthropology collection in Portugal was born. The oldest descriptions say that this collection came to have around 1000 skulls and 300 skeletons. However, after more than 100 years and a great fire, what remains is a much smaller number, counting today with 53 skulls and no skeleton. With the intention of studying and valuing the collection, an internship was carried out in which the inventory of the collection was done, as well as an analysis of the state of conservation of the mortal remains, a detailed description, and a photographic survey of the present individuals. As a result, the history of the Ferraz de Macedo collection is presented, and the context lived by the identified individuals is revealed, thanks to the original book by its author, Taboas Antropometricas (Anthropometric Tables), in which is possible to find essential information. With this work, it was possible to study and value this collection with due dignity, as it is the first Physical Anthropology collection in Portugal, which still has treasures of considerable importance to be discovered
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Macedo, Francisco Ferraz de, 1845-1907 Universidade de Lisboa. Museu Nacional de História Natural e Ciência Antropologia física Antropólogos Museologia Inventários Preservação Restos mortais