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Aquisição de orações completivas não-finitas com verbos percetivos e causativos em português europeu L2 por falantes de espanhol peninsular L1
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O tema desta dissertação é a aquisição de complementos não-finitos de verbos
percetivos e causativos por falantes não nativos de Português Europeu (PE) cuja língua materna
é o Espanhol Peninsular (EsP). Sabendo-se que em PE e em EsP se encontram disponíveis
diferentes tipos de estruturas de complementação nos contextos em causa, o presente trabalho
começa por explorar, numa perspetiva comparada entre o EsP e o PE, as propriedades sintáticas
e as análises disponíveis para faire-inf, Exceptional Case Marking (ECM), estrutura de Infinitivo
Flexionado e Prepositional Infinitival Construction (PIC).
Considerando as conclusões retiradas desta comparação, tomou-se como hipótese de
explicação do processo de aquisição de língua não materna a Feature Reassembly Hypothesis
(Lardiere, 2008, 2009a). Norteadas por esta hipótese, colocaram-se questões de investigação
centradas na aquisição de ECM (estrutura disponível em PE e em EsP), da estrutura de Infinitivo
Flexionado e da PIC (estruturas apenas disponíveis em PE). A aquisição destes três
complementos infinitivos em PE coloca desafios específicos aos falantes nativos de EsP,
correspondendo a diferentes tipos de tarefas de aquisição (mapeamento e reconfiguração de
traços) e a níveis de complexidade distintos, de acordo com a Feature Reassembly Hypothesis.
Os resultados obtidos através de quatro tarefas experimentais aplicadas a falantes de
de EsP com diferentes níveis de proficiência em PE (inicial, intermédio e avançado), bem como
a falantes monolingues de PE (grupo de controlo), permitem traçar percursos distintos de
aquisição associados aos complementos infinitivos testados que vão ao encontro das predições
gerais da Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. Assim, foi possível concluir que (i) a estrutura de ECM
é adquirida mais cedo pelos falantes de EsP por as configurações de traços relevantes serem
transferíveis da L1 (mapeamento); (ii) a aquisição de PIC coloca desafios acrescidos aos falantes
de EsP por implicar a aquisição de diferentes contrapartidas morfossintáticas de um mesmo
traço aspetual disponível na L1 e na L2; (iii) os maus resultados obtidos para a estrutura de
Infinitivo Flexionado como complemento de percetivos e causativos podem, em parte, ser
explicados pela complexidade da reconfiguração de traços (adição de traços em configurações
não disponíveis na L1), mas resultados semelhantes dos falantes monolingues de PE obrigam a
uma discussão do estatuto desta estrutura na gramática do PE e (iv) propriedades gerais de
marcação casual de constituintes em posição de objeto que diferem na L1 e na L2 influenciam a
aquisição das estruturas estudadas, constituindo um elemento adicional de complexidade.
In this dissertation, we discuss the non-native acquisition of infinitival complements of causative and perception verbs in European Portuguese (EP) by native Peninsular Spanish (PS) speakers. Since both EP and PS have available different complement structures in the relevant contexts, we start by comparing (in EP and in PS) the syntactic properties and analyses available for faire-inf, Exceptional Case Marking (ECM), the Inflected Infinitive Structure, and the Prepositional Infinitival Construction (PIC). Considering the conclusions of that comparison, we assume the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere, 2008, 2009a) and its predictions as adequate to account for the non-native acquisition process. Following this hypothesis, we formulate research questions focusing on the acquisition of ECM (available in EP and in PS), the Inflected Infinitive Structure and PIC (both structures only available on EP). The acquisition of these three infinitival complements in EP poses different challenges to the PS native speakers. These challenges correspond to different types of task (feature mapping and feature reassembly) and to distinct levels of complexity, as argued by the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. The results obtained from four experimental tasks applied to PS speakers with different EP proficiency levels (initial, intermediate, and advanced), as well as to EP monolingual speakers (control group), show different acquisition paths associated to the infinitival complements that are in accord with the general predictions of the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. We concluded that (i) ECM is acquired earlier by the PS native speakers, since the relevant feature configurations can be transferred from the L1 (mapping); (ii) the acquisition of the PIC represents a bigger challenge for PS speakers because it involves the acquisition of different morphosyntactic counterparts of an aspectual feature available both in the L1 and in the L2; (iii) the negative results obtained for the Inflected Infinitive Structure under causative and perception verbs can, in part, be explained by the complexity of the reassembly task involved in its acquisition (feature addition in a configuration not available in the L1), but, as the control group showed similar results, we were forced to question the usual descriptions of the native grammar, and (iv) general properties regarding the case marking of constituents in object position, in which the L1 and the L2 differ, play an important role in the acquisition of the structures under study, by adding complexity to the process.
In this dissertation, we discuss the non-native acquisition of infinitival complements of causative and perception verbs in European Portuguese (EP) by native Peninsular Spanish (PS) speakers. Since both EP and PS have available different complement structures in the relevant contexts, we start by comparing (in EP and in PS) the syntactic properties and analyses available for faire-inf, Exceptional Case Marking (ECM), the Inflected Infinitive Structure, and the Prepositional Infinitival Construction (PIC). Considering the conclusions of that comparison, we assume the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere, 2008, 2009a) and its predictions as adequate to account for the non-native acquisition process. Following this hypothesis, we formulate research questions focusing on the acquisition of ECM (available in EP and in PS), the Inflected Infinitive Structure and PIC (both structures only available on EP). The acquisition of these three infinitival complements in EP poses different challenges to the PS native speakers. These challenges correspond to different types of task (feature mapping and feature reassembly) and to distinct levels of complexity, as argued by the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. The results obtained from four experimental tasks applied to PS speakers with different EP proficiency levels (initial, intermediate, and advanced), as well as to EP monolingual speakers (control group), show different acquisition paths associated to the infinitival complements that are in accord with the general predictions of the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis. We concluded that (i) ECM is acquired earlier by the PS native speakers, since the relevant feature configurations can be transferred from the L1 (mapping); (ii) the acquisition of the PIC represents a bigger challenge for PS speakers because it involves the acquisition of different morphosyntactic counterparts of an aspectual feature available both in the L1 and in the L2; (iii) the negative results obtained for the Inflected Infinitive Structure under causative and perception verbs can, in part, be explained by the complexity of the reassembly task involved in its acquisition (feature addition in a configuration not available in the L1), but, as the control group showed similar results, we were forced to question the usual descriptions of the native grammar, and (iv) general properties regarding the case marking of constituents in object position, in which the L1 and the L2 differ, play an important role in the acquisition of the structures under study, by adding complexity to the process.
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Palavras-chave
Língua portuguesa - Aquisição linguística Língua portuguesa - Estudo e ensino - Falantes do espanhol Língua portuguesa - Morfossintaxe Língua portuguesa - Verbos Linguística comparada Teses de doutoramento - 2021