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Os agentes da Profecia na Mesopotâmia. A Mediação entre os deuses e a humanidade
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Desde o seu alvor que a Humanidade evidencia um fascínio, temperado com o temor, pelo incognoscível – sendo o desejo de descortinar o futuro a sua máxima expressão. Acreditando que somente os deuses poderiam ter acesso a informações sobre o devir, as sociedades antigas divisaram a criação de métodos que lhes permitissem obter conhecimento junto das suas divindades. Neste sentido, observamos a instituição da profecia como forma de comunicação com o plano divino e, por conseguinte, como uma via de obtenção de conhecimento apenas reservado às divindades. Assim, a figura do profeta assume-se como fundamental neste processo, na qualidade de mediador entre a esfera divina e a esfera humana. A presente dissertação tem, pois, como foco principal os agentes da profecia, tomando como caso de estudo as sociedades da Antiga Mesopotâmia, mais concretamente o reino de Mari (séc. XVIII a.C.) e o Império Neo-Assírio (sécs. VIII-VII a.C.). Através da análise dos testemunhos textuais presentes nos dois arquivos reais, esta dissertação procura compreender quem eram estes indivíduos e o papel social que lhes era reservado, atendendo à sua função de mediação entre os dois planos e, especialmente, ao seu papel com as estruturas de poder e com o monarca.
Since its dawn, humanity has demonstrated a fascination, tempered by fear, for the unknowable—its ultimate expression being the desire to glimpse the future. Believing that only the gods could access information about the future, ancient societies envisioned the creation of methods that would allow them to obtain knowledge from their deities. In this sense, we observe the institution of prophecy as a form of communication with the divine plan and, therefore, as a means of obtaining knowledge reserved only for the deities. Thus, the figure of the prophet is fundamental in this process, acting as a mediator between the divine and the human spheres. This dissertation, therefore, focuses primarily on the agents of prophecy, taking as case studies the societies of Ancient Mesopotamia, more specifically the Kingdom of Mari (18th century BC) and the Neo-Assyrian Empire (8th-7th centuries BC). Through the analysis of the textual testimonies present in the two royal archives, this dissertation seeks to understand who these individuals were and the social role assigned to them, considering their function of mediation between the two planes and, especially, their role with the power structures and with the monarch.
Since its dawn, humanity has demonstrated a fascination, tempered by fear, for the unknowable—its ultimate expression being the desire to glimpse the future. Believing that only the gods could access information about the future, ancient societies envisioned the creation of methods that would allow them to obtain knowledge from their deities. In this sense, we observe the institution of prophecy as a form of communication with the divine plan and, therefore, as a means of obtaining knowledge reserved only for the deities. Thus, the figure of the prophet is fundamental in this process, acting as a mediator between the divine and the human spheres. This dissertation, therefore, focuses primarily on the agents of prophecy, taking as case studies the societies of Ancient Mesopotamia, more specifically the Kingdom of Mari (18th century BC) and the Neo-Assyrian Empire (8th-7th centuries BC). Through the analysis of the textual testimonies present in the two royal archives, this dissertation seeks to understand who these individuals were and the social role assigned to them, considering their function of mediation between the two planes and, especially, their role with the power structures and with the monarch.
Descrição
Mestrado em História, na especialidade de História Antiga