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Cancro oral: diagnóstico numa clínica universitária portuguesa nos últimos 25 anos
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Introdução: O Cancro Oral engloba Cavidade Oral e Língua Móvel, Glândulas Salivares, Orofaringe e Ossos Maxilares, de acordo com a mais recente edição da Classificação da OMS.
Objetivos: Descrever a frequência, características histológicas e clínicas de diferentes lesões de Cancro Oral e a influência de fatores ambientais nas mesmas, numa população da FMDUL, dos últimos 25 anos.
Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico observacional descritivo a partir de uma série de casos dos últimos 25 anos na FMDUL. Recolheram-se informações de género, idade, localização, tipo de biópsia, concordância de diagnóstico clínico e histológico e exposição a fatores de risco, de todos os doentes que apresentaram um diagnóstico de Cancro Oral. Efetuou-se uma análise descritiva dos dados.
Resultados: Das 1375 biópsias orais registadas, 31 eram de lesões malignas de tecidos moles e 1 de tecidos duros. A lesão mais frequente foi o Carcinoma Pavimentocelular (68,72%). As faixas etárias mais frequentes foram entre os 40 e 59 anos e os 60 e 79 anos de idade, contando com 20 casos no total. A língua móvel foi o local mais frequente na Cavidade Oral (37,50%). Nas Glândulas Salivares registaram-se casos em Glândulas Minor e Glândulas Major e a única lesão maligna dos Ossos Maxilares registou-se na mandíbula anterior. Das biópsias efetuadas as mais frequentes foram incisionais (43,75%) e houve 43,75% dos casos a apresentar concordância entre diagnóstico clínico e histológico. Apenas se registaram dois tipos de fatores de risco.
Discussão: A maioria das características determinadas está de acordo com a literatura e com os dois estudos utilizados para comparação de dados.
Conclusões: A lesão mais frequente foi o Carcinoma Pavimentocelular na Cavidade Oral. Nas Glândulas Salivares registaram-se 3 casos com diagnósticos histológicos distintos e nos Ossos Maxilares apenas se registou um caso de Carcinoma Odontogénico de Células Claras.
Introduction: Oral Cancer involves the Oral Cavity and the Mobile Tongue, Salivary Glands, Oropharinx and Maxillary Bones, according to the last edition of the WHO Classification. Objectives: To describe the frequency, clinical and histological characteristics of the different types of Oral Cancer and the influence of environmental factors in them, in a population from FMDUL, from the past 25 years. Materials and Methods: A discriptive observational epidemiological study based on a series of cases from the past 25 years in FMDUL was carried out. Informations about gender, age, locations, type of biopsy, agreement between histological and clinical diagnosis and risk factors were collected from all the patients with an Oral Cancer diagnosis. A discriptive analysis of the data was carried out. Results: From the 1375 biopsies registered, 31 were related to malignant lesions in soft tissues and 1 in hard tissues. The most frequent lesion was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (68,72%). The most frequent age groups were 40 to 59 and 60 to 79 years old, with a total of 20 cases. The mobile tongue was the most frequent location in the Oral Cavity (37,50%). In the Salivary Glands the cases were registered in Minor and Major glands and the only lesion reported in hard tissues occured in the anterior mandible. The most frequent type of biopsy was incisional (43,75%) and there were 43,75% of cases in which there was a match between histological and clinical diagnosis. Only 2 types of risk factors were registered. Discussion: Most of the determined characteristics are in agreement with the literature and the two studies used for comparison of data. Conclusions: The most frequent lesion was Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Oral Cavity. In the Salivary Glands 3 different histological entities have been reported and in the Maxillary Bones only a case of Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma was registered.
Introduction: Oral Cancer involves the Oral Cavity and the Mobile Tongue, Salivary Glands, Oropharinx and Maxillary Bones, according to the last edition of the WHO Classification. Objectives: To describe the frequency, clinical and histological characteristics of the different types of Oral Cancer and the influence of environmental factors in them, in a population from FMDUL, from the past 25 years. Materials and Methods: A discriptive observational epidemiological study based on a series of cases from the past 25 years in FMDUL was carried out. Informations about gender, age, locations, type of biopsy, agreement between histological and clinical diagnosis and risk factors were collected from all the patients with an Oral Cancer diagnosis. A discriptive analysis of the data was carried out. Results: From the 1375 biopsies registered, 31 were related to malignant lesions in soft tissues and 1 in hard tissues. The most frequent lesion was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (68,72%). The most frequent age groups were 40 to 59 and 60 to 79 years old, with a total of 20 cases. The mobile tongue was the most frequent location in the Oral Cavity (37,50%). In the Salivary Glands the cases were registered in Minor and Major glands and the only lesion reported in hard tissues occured in the anterior mandible. The most frequent type of biopsy was incisional (43,75%) and there were 43,75% of cases in which there was a match between histological and clinical diagnosis. Only 2 types of risk factors were registered. Discussion: Most of the determined characteristics are in agreement with the literature and the two studies used for comparison of data. Conclusions: The most frequent lesion was Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Oral Cavity. In the Salivary Glands 3 different histological entities have been reported and in the Maxillary Bones only a case of Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma was registered.
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Saúde oral Teses de mestrado - 2019