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Effects of combined use of olive mill waste compost and sprinkler Irrigation on GHG emissions and net ecosystem carbon budget under different tillage systems
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Traditional rice (Oryza sativa L.) production by flooding is a source of greenhouse gases
(GHG), especially methane. The high consumption of water, as well as the chemical and physical degradation caused by these traditional practices in rice soils, is promoting a decrease in rice
production in the Mediterranean area. The aim of this study was to monitor GHG emissions and
the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) from rice produced with sprinkler irrigation techniques
and also assess the impact of olive mill waste compost (C-OW) application and tillage on GHG
emissions and the NECB. A field experiment for irrigated rice production was implemented by
considering four different treatments: (1) tillage (T); (2) no tillage—direct seeding techniques (DS);
(3) application of C-OW followed by tillage (TC); and (4) application of C-OW followed by direct
seeding (DSC). The C-OW was only applied in the first year at a dose of 80 Mg ha−1
. GHG emissions
were monitored over three years in these four treatments in order to estimate the direct (first year)
and residual (third year) effects of such practices. The application of C-OW caused an increase of 1.85
times the emission of CO2
-C in the TC-DSC compared to the T-DS in the first year. It is noteworthy
that the TC treatment was the only one that maintained an emission of CO2
-C that was 42% higher
than T in the third year. Regardless of the treatments and year of the study, negative values for
the cumulative CH4 were found, suggesting that under sprinkler irrigation, CH4 oxidation was the
dominant process. A decrease in N2O emissions was observed under direct seeding relative to the
tillage treatments, although without significant differences. Tillage resulted in an increase in the
global warming potential (GWP) of up to 31% with respect to direct seeding management in the third
year, as a consequence of the greater carbon oxidation caused by intensive tillage. DS presented a
positive NECB in the accumulation of C in the soil; therefore, it provided a greater ecological benefit
to the environment. Thus, under Mediterranean conditions, rice production through a sprinkler
irrigation system in combination with direct seeding techniques may be a sustainable alternative for
rice crops, reducing their GWP and resulting in a lower carbon footprint. However, the use of C-OW
as an organic amendment could increase the GHG emissions from rice fields irrigated by sprinklers,
especially under tillage conditions.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
methane nitrous oxide carbon balance sprinkler organic amendment direct seeding
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Fernández-Rodríguez, D.; Fangueiro, D.P.; Peña Abades, D.; Albarrán, Á.; Rato-Nunes, J.M.; Martín-Franco, C.; Terrón-Sánchez, J.; Vicente, L.A.; López-Piñeiro, A. Effects of combined use of olive mill waste compost and sprinkler Irrigation on GHG emissions and net ecosystem carbon budget under different tillage systems. Plants 2022, 11, 3454.
Editora
MDPI