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Os Entendimentos da Guerra e os seus Limites (1991-2003)
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No contexto pós-Guerra Fria, surgiram novos paradigmas no contexto geopolítico internacional que impactaram a conceção, a prática e regulação do fenómeno bélico, redefinindo a compreensão clássica da guerra. Uma nova norma passou a priorizar a humanização do conflito, valorizando os Direitos Humanos e impondo desafios éticos e jurídicos. A presente dissertação procura analisar os limites da guerra sob a perspetiva da condição humana, examinando as razões que justificam os esforços para restringi-la. O estudo foca a formulação e evolução desses limites, com destaque para a sua aplicação nos contextos das guerras da Jugoslávia (1991-2001) e da guerra do Iraque (2003). A investigação problematiza os paradoxos inerentes à tensão existente entre a predisposição da condição humana para a guerra e os mecanismos construídos, através de uma reação à catástrofe provocada pelos conflitos mundiais, para a conter, alongando-se ao direito internacional, às intervenções humanitárias e aos princípios de jus ad bellum.
In the post-Cold War context, new paradigms have emerged in the international geopolitical context that have had an impact on the conception, practice and regulation of war, redefining the classic understanding of war. A new norm began to prioritize the humanization of conflict, valuing human rights and imposing ethical and legal challenges. This dissertation seeks to analyze the limits of war from the perspective of the human condition, examining the reasons that justify efforts to restrict it. The study focuses on the formulation and evolution of these limits, with an emphasis on their application in the contexts of the Yugoslav wars (1991-2001) and the Iraq war (2003). The research problematizes the paradoxes inherent in the tension between the human condition's predisposition to war and the mechanisms that have been built to contain it, through a reaction to the catastrophe caused by world conflicts, extending to international law, humanitarian interventions and the principles of jus ad bellum.
In the post-Cold War context, new paradigms have emerged in the international geopolitical context that have had an impact on the conception, practice and regulation of war, redefining the classic understanding of war. A new norm began to prioritize the humanization of conflict, valuing human rights and imposing ethical and legal challenges. This dissertation seeks to analyze the limits of war from the perspective of the human condition, examining the reasons that justify efforts to restrict it. The study focuses on the formulation and evolution of these limits, with an emphasis on their application in the contexts of the Yugoslav wars (1991-2001) and the Iraq war (2003). The research problematizes the paradoxes inherent in the tension between the human condition's predisposition to war and the mechanisms that have been built to contain it, through a reaction to the catastrophe caused by world conflicts, extending to international law, humanitarian interventions and the principles of jus ad bellum.
Descrição
Mestrado em História Militar