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Embora a história dos arquivos na China ascenda à dinastia Shang (1600 – 1045 a. C.) o mesmo não pode ser dito acerca da ciência arquivística no país, que apenas surgiu na década de 30 do século XX. Sendo a formação superior em arquivística na República Popular da China um tópico ainda pouco explorado no Ocidente, o presente estudo tem como principal objetivo dar a conhecer de uma forma geral tal realidade formativa nesse país. Começando por apresentar uma contextualização diacrónica em que são definidos os principais desenvolvimentos dos arquivos e da arquivística chineses, o estudo prossegue com uma lista das principais fontes bibliográficas de origem chinesa e internacionais sobre o tema a ser estudado. Partindo de um estudo de caso coletivo entre duas das principais escolas da ciência da informação no país: a Escola de Gestão da Informação da Universidade de Wuhan e a Escola de Gestão de Recursos de Informação da Universidade Renmin da China, são realçados aspetos como as diversas etapas do desenvolvimento da ciência arquivística, os principais modelos de influência externa seguidos, as diferentes instituições com cursos superiores na área e sua respetiva distribuição geográfica, as reformas de ensino levadas a cabo pelas diversas administrações governamentais e a certificação profissional necessária para a entrada no mercado de trabalho. Para sustentar este estudo de caso foi necessário recorrer à utilização de métodos de investigação como a pesquisa documental e a análise de dados, a observação das webpages de ambas as instituições que foram complementadas com a realização de entrevistas a docentes em cada uma das instituições observadas. Os resultados obtidos revelam um gradual aumento na admissão de alunos ao longo dos anos, um exponencial aumento de docentes especializados na área e a adoção de bibliografia de cariz internacional por forma a potenciar um estável e coeso desenvolvimento dos futuros arquivistas chineses.
Although the history of Chinese archives rises to the Shang Dynasty (1600 – 1045 BC), the same cannot be said about archival science in the country, which only emerged in the 1930s. Since archival higher education in the People's Republic of China is still a topic still little explored in the West, the main purpose of this study is to make known in a general way the formative reality in that country. Starting by presenting a diachronic context where the main developments of the archives are defined but also of the Chinese archives, the study then proceeds with a list of the main bibliographical sources of Chinese and interntional origin on the subject to be studied. Starting from a collective case study between two of the leading schools of information science in this country: the School of Information Management at Wuhan University and the School of Information Resource Management at Renmin University of China, there are outlined aspects such as the various stages of the development of archival science, the main models of external influence followed, the different institutions with higher education courses in the area and their respective geographical distribution, the educational reforms carried out by the various governmental administrations and the or the professional certification required for entry into the job market. In order to support this case study it was necessary to resort to the use of research methods such as documentary research and data analysis or the observation of the webpages of both institutions which were complemented by interviews with teachers from each of the institutions observed. The results show a gradual increase in the admission of students over the years, an exponencial increase of specialized teachers in the area and the adoption of international bibliography in order to foster a stable and cohesive development of the future Chinese archivists.
Although the history of Chinese archives rises to the Shang Dynasty (1600 – 1045 BC), the same cannot be said about archival science in the country, which only emerged in the 1930s. Since archival higher education in the People's Republic of China is still a topic still little explored in the West, the main purpose of this study is to make known in a general way the formative reality in that country. Starting by presenting a diachronic context where the main developments of the archives are defined but also of the Chinese archives, the study then proceeds with a list of the main bibliographical sources of Chinese and interntional origin on the subject to be studied. Starting from a collective case study between two of the leading schools of information science in this country: the School of Information Management at Wuhan University and the School of Information Resource Management at Renmin University of China, there are outlined aspects such as the various stages of the development of archival science, the main models of external influence followed, the different institutions with higher education courses in the area and their respective geographical distribution, the educational reforms carried out by the various governmental administrations and the or the professional certification required for entry into the job market. In order to support this case study it was necessary to resort to the use of research methods such as documentary research and data analysis or the observation of the webpages of both institutions which were complemented by interviews with teachers from each of the institutions observed. The results show a gradual increase in the admission of students over the years, an exponencial increase of specialized teachers in the area and the adoption of international bibliography in order to foster a stable and cohesive development of the future Chinese archivists.
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Arquivística - Estudo e ensino - China Universidade de Wuhan (China). Escola de Gestão da Informação Universidade Renmin (China). Escola de Gestão de Recursos de Informação
