A carregar...
Publicação
Imobilização química de ungulados selvagens com cetamina, medetomidina e butorfanol : comparação de dois protocolos de reversão anestésica
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.9 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
No presente estudo, foi comparada a eficácia de dois protocolos distintos na reversão
dos efeitos da medetomidina em ungulados selvagens. Foram imobilizados 10 animais
pertencentes a duas espécies de bovídeos selvagens – muflão africano (Ammotragus lervia)
e cobo-de-leche (Kobus leche) – com uma associação de medetomidina (0,06 ± 0,02 mg/kg),
butorfanol (0,06 ± 0,02 mg/kg) e cetamina (1,85 ± 0,70 mg/kg) – o protocolo MBK. Estes
animais foram depois divididos em dois grupos iguais. Aos animais do primeiro grupo (Grupo
Atipamezol), foi administrado atipamezol (0,21 ± 0.06 mg/kg) numa proporção de 3:1 em
relação à medetomidina. Por sua vez, aos animais do segundo grupo (Grupo Mix) foi
administrada uma associação de atipamezol (0,08 ± 0.06 mg/kg) e ioimbina (0,30 ± 0,15
mg/kg). A associação MBK demonstrou ser eficaz na imobilização das duas espécies
estudadas, para procedimentos não dolorosos e de curta duração. Esta associação
apresentou também uma boa margem de segurança, não tendo sido observados efeitos
secundários em animais com doses até 2 vezes superiores às pretendidas. Os dois protocolos
de reversão anestésica não apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os
respetivos tempos médios de recuperação (p=0,81) e de elevação da cabeça (p=0,82). Ambos
os protocolos resultaram em recuperações médias de cerca de 5-6 minutos, com a maioria
dos animais a recuperar a capacidade de levantar a cabeça nos primeiros 2 minutos. Foi
observado um episódio de ressedação num muflão-africano (Ammotragus lervia) pertence ao
Grupo Atipamezol, cerca de 3 horas após administração do antagonista dos recetores alfa-2.
Uma das vantagens da associação do atipamezol com a ioimbina é a menor probabilidade de
ocorrência deste fenómeno, tendo em conta que o tempo de residência da ioimbina é superior
ao do atipamezol. Outra vantagem deste protocolo é o seu custo mais reduzido. Contudo, 3
em 5 animais do Grupo Mix manifestaram recuperações menos suaves, com demonstrações
de ataxia, desorientação e andamento em círculo. Em suma, a associação de atipamezol ioimbina demonstrou ser eficaz na reversão de animais sedados com medetomidina butorfanol-cetamina em ambientes controlados, nos quais a desorientação, ataxia e
andamento em círculo não colocaram a vidas dos animais em perigo. No entanto, recomenda se cautela no seu uso em animais livres na natureza, onde estes estão expostos a perigos
ambientais e agressividade por parte de outros animais.
ABSTRACT - CHEMICAL IMMOBILIZATION OF WILD UNGULATES WITH KETAMINE, MEDETOMIDINE AND BUTORPHANOL: COMPARISON OF TWO REVERSAL PROTOCOLS - In the present study the efficacy of two distinct protocols in the reversal of the effects of medetomidine on wild ungulates was compared. Ten animals belonging to two species of wild bovids – Barbary Sheep (Ammotragus lervia) and Lechwe (Kobus leche) – were immobilized with an association of medetomidine (0.06 ± 0.02 mg/kg), butorphanol (0.06 ± 0.02 mg/kg) and ketamine (1.85 ± 0.70 mg/kg) – association MBK. These animals were then divided into two groups. Animals in the first group (“Atipamezole Group”) received atipamezole (0.21 ± 0.06 mg/kg) in a ratio of 3:1 the medetomidine dose. On the other hand, animals of the second group (“Mix Group”) received an association of atipamezole (0.08 ± 0.06 mg/kg) and yohimbine (0.30 ± 0.15 mg/kg). The MBK association proved to be effective in immobilizing the two studied species for non-painful and short-term procedures. This association also showed a good safety margin, and no side effects were observed in animals with doses up to 2 times higher than those established. The two anesthetic reversal protocols did not present statistically significant differences between the respective mean recovery (p=0,81) and head lifting (p=0,82) times. Both protocols resulted in mean recovery times of about 5-6 minutes, with most animals regaining head and neck strength in the first 2 minutes. An episode of ressedation was observed on a Barbary Sheep (Ammotragus lervia) belonging to the “Atipamezole Group”, about 3 hours after administration of the alpha-2 receptor antagonist. One of the advantages of associating atipamezole with yohimbine is the lower probability of occurrence of this phenomenon, given that the mean residence time of yohimbine is longer than that of atipamezole. Another advantage of this protocol is its lower cost. However, 3 out of 5 animals in the “Mix Group” exhibited tougher recoveries, with displays of ataxia, disorientation, and circling. In short, the association atipamezole-yohimbine has been shown to be effective in the reversal of medetomidine-butorphanol-ketamine induced immobilizations in controlled environments, in which disorientation, ataxia and circling did not endanger the animal’s life. However, caution is recommended for its use in the wild, where animals are exposed to environmental hazards and aggression from other animals.
ABSTRACT - CHEMICAL IMMOBILIZATION OF WILD UNGULATES WITH KETAMINE, MEDETOMIDINE AND BUTORPHANOL: COMPARISON OF TWO REVERSAL PROTOCOLS - In the present study the efficacy of two distinct protocols in the reversal of the effects of medetomidine on wild ungulates was compared. Ten animals belonging to two species of wild bovids – Barbary Sheep (Ammotragus lervia) and Lechwe (Kobus leche) – were immobilized with an association of medetomidine (0.06 ± 0.02 mg/kg), butorphanol (0.06 ± 0.02 mg/kg) and ketamine (1.85 ± 0.70 mg/kg) – association MBK. These animals were then divided into two groups. Animals in the first group (“Atipamezole Group”) received atipamezole (0.21 ± 0.06 mg/kg) in a ratio of 3:1 the medetomidine dose. On the other hand, animals of the second group (“Mix Group”) received an association of atipamezole (0.08 ± 0.06 mg/kg) and yohimbine (0.30 ± 0.15 mg/kg). The MBK association proved to be effective in immobilizing the two studied species for non-painful and short-term procedures. This association also showed a good safety margin, and no side effects were observed in animals with doses up to 2 times higher than those established. The two anesthetic reversal protocols did not present statistically significant differences between the respective mean recovery (p=0,81) and head lifting (p=0,82) times. Both protocols resulted in mean recovery times of about 5-6 minutes, with most animals regaining head and neck strength in the first 2 minutes. An episode of ressedation was observed on a Barbary Sheep (Ammotragus lervia) belonging to the “Atipamezole Group”, about 3 hours after administration of the alpha-2 receptor antagonist. One of the advantages of associating atipamezole with yohimbine is the lower probability of occurrence of this phenomenon, given that the mean residence time of yohimbine is longer than that of atipamezole. Another advantage of this protocol is its lower cost. However, 3 out of 5 animals in the “Mix Group” exhibited tougher recoveries, with displays of ataxia, disorientation, and circling. In short, the association atipamezole-yohimbine has been shown to be effective in the reversal of medetomidine-butorphanol-ketamine induced immobilizations in controlled environments, in which disorientation, ataxia and circling did not endanger the animal’s life. However, caution is recommended for its use in the wild, where animals are exposed to environmental hazards and aggression from other animals.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Atipamezol Ioimbina Imobilização Animal selvagem Atipamezole Yohimbine Immobilization Wild animals
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Soares JIA 2021. Imobilização química de ungulados selvagens com cetamina, medetomidina e butorfanol : comparação de dois protocolos de reversão anestésica [dissertação de mestrado]. Lisboa: FMV-Universidade de Lisboa.
Editora
Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária