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Glaucoma e educação para a saúde : influência de um programa de educação para a saúde junto de utentes glaucomatosos
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Resumo(s)
Objectivo: Analisar quantitativamente se um programa de educação para a saúde em utentes glaucomatosos é ou não eficaz.
Métodos: Este estudo tem um desenho do tipo experimental. A amostra foi dividida em dois grupos (intervenção e controlo) e a avaliação foi realizada antes e depois da intervenção.
Resultados: A intervenção produziu efeitos estatisticamente significativos relativamente ao nível de conhecimentos acerca da patologia e tratamento, (p = 0,000). Relativamente às rotinas terapêuticas relativas à administração da medicação, a intervenção demonstrou ser eficaz relativamente à compliance (p = 0,000), relativamente aos procedimentos na instilação dos colírios e relativamente ao intervalo de tempo entre doses (p = 0,046). Quanto às concepções relativas à patologia e ao tratamento, observamos que a intervenção foi eficaz nas seguintes componentes: preocupação face à doença (p = 0,039), percepção da eficácia do tratamento (p = 0,012), importância acerca do horário do tratamento (p = 0,002).
Conclusões: Este tipo de intervenção demonstrou ser simples, eficaz economicamente vantajosa e socialmente aceitável. Investir em educação para a saúde é um requisito essencial para reduzir a perda visual irreversível por glaucoma.
Purpose: To analyze quantitatively if a health education program with glaucoma patients is or is not effective. Methods: This study has a design of the experimental kind. The sample was divided into two groups (intervention and control) and the evaluation was done before and after the intervention. Results: The intervention produced statistically significant effects concerning the knowledge about the pathology and treatment, (p = 0,000). Concerning the therapeutic routines related to the medication administration, the intervention has proven to be effective towards compliance (p = 0,000), and also with the procedures in the eye drop instillation and with the time interval between doses (p = 0,046). As regards the concepts related to the pathology and treatment, we observe that the intervention was effective in the following components: concern towards the disease (p = 0,039), perception of the treatment efficiency (p = 0,012), importance of the treatment schedule (p = 0,002). Conclusions: This kind of intervention has proven to be simple, effective, economically advantageous and socially acceptable. To invest in health education is an essential requirement to reduce the irreversible visual loss caused by glaucoma.
Purpose: To analyze quantitatively if a health education program with glaucoma patients is or is not effective. Methods: This study has a design of the experimental kind. The sample was divided into two groups (intervention and control) and the evaluation was done before and after the intervention. Results: The intervention produced statistically significant effects concerning the knowledge about the pathology and treatment, (p = 0,000). Concerning the therapeutic routines related to the medication administration, the intervention has proven to be effective towards compliance (p = 0,000), and also with the procedures in the eye drop instillation and with the time interval between doses (p = 0,046). As regards the concepts related to the pathology and treatment, we observe that the intervention was effective in the following components: concern towards the disease (p = 0,039), perception of the treatment efficiency (p = 0,012), importance of the treatment schedule (p = 0,002). Conclusions: This kind of intervention has proven to be simple, effective, economically advantageous and socially acceptable. To invest in health education is an essential requirement to reduce the irreversible visual loss caused by glaucoma.
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Palavras-chave
Educação para a saúde Perda visual Glaucoma Conhecimentos Rotinas Concepções Health education Visual loss Knowledge Routines Concepts