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Vinculação do adulto ao pai e à mãe e estilos parentais : perspetiva de mães e pais de crianças em idade escolar
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Este estudo, centrado na vinculação do adulto ao pai e à mãe e nos estilos parentais atuais,
considerou a perspetiva de mães e pais de crianças em idade escolar (6-12 anos). Teve
como objetivos, examinar as diferenças entres mães e pais nas duas variáveis, averiguar
a relação entre elas, e ainda a sua relação com variáveis sociodemográficas parentais
(escolaridade e número de filhos) e com o tipo de família. Participaram no estudo 145
indivíduos distribuídos por dois grupos, um com 80 mães e outro com 65 pais, que
responderam a três instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico e de Desenvolvimento,
Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe, e Questionário de Dimensões e Estilos
Parentais. Os resultados mostraram que as mães, comparativamente com os pais, utilizam
mais o estilo Autoritativo, não se diferenciando os dois grupos na vinculação do adulto
ao pai e à mãe. Em ambos os grupos, ocorreram associações (positivas) do estilo
Autoritário com a Inibição da Exploração e Individualidade e com a Ansiedade de
Separação (resultado marginalmente significativo no caso das mães), obtendo-se ainda
associações (positivas) do estilo Permissivo com a Ansiedade de Separação (mães) e com
a Inibição da Exploração e Individualidade (pais). No grupo das mães verificaram-se
igualmente associações do estilo Autoritativo com a Inibição da Exploração e
Individualidade (negativas) e com a Qualidade do Laço Emocional (positivas). Nos dois
grupos ocorreram algumas associações significativas da vinculação do adulto ao pai e à
mãe com as variáveis Escolaridade e Tipo de Família (ainda que o padrão de resultados
dos pais e das mães não seja completamente sobreponível), tendo havido associações
significativas com os estilos parentais apenas no caso das mães (para a Escolaridade e o
Número de Filhos).
This study, focusing on the adult’s perception of own attachment to father and mother and on current parenting styles, considered the perspective of mothers and fathers of school-aged children (6-12 years). Its objectives were to examine the differences between mothers and fathers in these two variables, to ascertain the relationship between them, and also their relationship with parent socio-demographic variables (level of schooling and number of children) and the type of family. The study included 145 individuals, distributed across two groups, one consisting of 80 mothers and the other of 65 fathers, who responded to three instruments: the Sociodemographic and Developmental Questionnaire, the Father/Mother Attachment Questionnaire, and the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. The results showed that mothers, compared to fathers, used the Authoritative style more frequently, but the two groups did not differ in adult attachment to father and mother. In both groups, there were (positive) authoritarian style associations with Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality and with Separation Anxiety (a marginally significant result in the case of mothers). Permissive style associations (positive) with Separation Anxiety (mothers) and with Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (fathers) were also observed. In the group of mothers, associations were also found between Authoritative style and Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (negative) and with Quality of Emotional Bond (positive). In both groups, significant associations between adult attachment to father and mother and the Schooling and Type of Family variables were verified (although fathers and mothers’ pattern of results were not completely overlapping), in addition to significant associations (for Schooling and Number of Children) with parenting styles, but only in the case of mothers.
This study, focusing on the adult’s perception of own attachment to father and mother and on current parenting styles, considered the perspective of mothers and fathers of school-aged children (6-12 years). Its objectives were to examine the differences between mothers and fathers in these two variables, to ascertain the relationship between them, and also their relationship with parent socio-demographic variables (level of schooling and number of children) and the type of family. The study included 145 individuals, distributed across two groups, one consisting of 80 mothers and the other of 65 fathers, who responded to three instruments: the Sociodemographic and Developmental Questionnaire, the Father/Mother Attachment Questionnaire, and the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire. The results showed that mothers, compared to fathers, used the Authoritative style more frequently, but the two groups did not differ in adult attachment to father and mother. In both groups, there were (positive) authoritarian style associations with Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality and with Separation Anxiety (a marginally significant result in the case of mothers). Permissive style associations (positive) with Separation Anxiety (mothers) and with Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (fathers) were also observed. In the group of mothers, associations were also found between Authoritative style and Inhibition of Exploration and Individuality (negative) and with Quality of Emotional Bond (positive). In both groups, significant associations between adult attachment to father and mother and the Schooling and Type of Family variables were verified (although fathers and mothers’ pattern of results were not completely overlapping), in addition to significant associations (for Schooling and Number of Children) with parenting styles, but only in the case of mothers.
Descrição
Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Área de Especialização em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde - Psicologia Clínica Dinâmica), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 2020
Palavras-chave
Vinculação Estilos parentais Mães Pais Crianças em idade escolar Teses de mestrado - 2020