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Aquisição de interrogativas-WH múltiplas em Português L2
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Resumo(s)
assunto central desta dissertação é a aquisição de estruturas interrogativas-WH múltiplas (IWHM), por falantes não nativos de português adultos em diferentes estádios e ambientes de aquisição e que têm russo como língua materna. Trata-se de estruturas muito pouco frequentes no input, numa situação de aquisição que envolve duas línguas em que tanto os constituintes-WH como também o núcleo funcional C são compostos e especificados de modo diferente, o que pode determinar configurações da periferia esquerda distintas. Adopta-se como hipótese orientadora a Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere 2007, 2008, 2009) e tem-se em conta a discussão sobre a estrutura de CP nas línguas eslavas em estruturas interrogativas-WH. No estudo, são incluídos quatro grupos de falantes de L2 de aquisição tardia que, de acordo com um teste de diagnóstico, foram distribuídos entre nível básico e nível intemédio, sabendo-se ainda que se encontram inseridos em ambientes de aquisição distintos (formal e informal), e um grupo de falantes adultos que começaram a aquisição de português L2 na infância. O grupo de controlo é composto por 25 falantes nativos de português europeu.
Os resultados recolhidos através de uma tarefa de juízo de gramaticalidade escalar sugerem que: 1) existe uma diferença relevante entre os falantes de PL2 de aquisição tardia de nível básico e de nível intermédio que sugere que as estruturas IWHM são passíveis de aquisição, apesar da sua presença escassa no input; 2) no caso da aquisição tardia, o processo de reconfiguração de traços dos constituintes-WH parece não apresentar muitas dificuldades, no entanto, a reconfiguração do núcleo C de CP relativamente ao traço [T] parece envolver custos mais elevados; 3) o processo de aquisição em contexto académico é, no caso das estruturas em estudo, mais célere do que a aquisição em contexto de imersão linguística; 4) o steady state dos falantes que começaram a sua aquisição na infância (early arrivals) é idêntico ao steady state dos falantes nativos de português.
The central topic of this dissertation is the acquisition of multiple WH-Questions (IWHM), which are extremely scarce in the input, by non-native speakers of Portuguese at different stages and in different acquisition environments and who have Russian as their L1. This work takes into account the fact that the Wh-constituents of the two languages, as well as the functional head C, are specified differently. Thus, based on the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere 2007, 2008, 2009) as the guiding hypothesis, I intend to explain the variability in the acquisition of morphosyntactic categories in L2 Portuguese by speakers whose L1 is typologically distinct from the language in acquisition. In this study, four groups of late L2 speakers were included, which were allocated between elementary and upper intermediate level according to a diagnostic test. The subjects are also grouped according to distinct acquisition environments (formal and informal). Finally, a group of adult speakers who started the acquisition of L2 Portuguese in childhood was also included in the study. The control group includes 25 native speakers of European Portuguese. The results collected through a scalar grammaticality judgment task suggest that: 1) there is a relevant difference between the late L2 speakers of elementary and upper intermediate level, a fact that indicates that multiple wh-questions can be acquired, despite their scarce presence in input; 2) in the case of late acquisition, the reconfiguration of features of WH-phrases does not seem to present many difficulties; however, the reconfiguration of the head C of CP with respect to the feature [T] seems to involve higher costs; 3) the acquisition process in formal instruction contexts is faster, if compared to the acquisition in naturalistic settings; 4) the steady state of early arrivals is identical to the steady state of native Portuguese speakers.
The central topic of this dissertation is the acquisition of multiple WH-Questions (IWHM), which are extremely scarce in the input, by non-native speakers of Portuguese at different stages and in different acquisition environments and who have Russian as their L1. This work takes into account the fact that the Wh-constituents of the two languages, as well as the functional head C, are specified differently. Thus, based on the Feature Reassembly Hypothesis (Lardiere 2007, 2008, 2009) as the guiding hypothesis, I intend to explain the variability in the acquisition of morphosyntactic categories in L2 Portuguese by speakers whose L1 is typologically distinct from the language in acquisition. In this study, four groups of late L2 speakers were included, which were allocated between elementary and upper intermediate level according to a diagnostic test. The subjects are also grouped according to distinct acquisition environments (formal and informal). Finally, a group of adult speakers who started the acquisition of L2 Portuguese in childhood was also included in the study. The control group includes 25 native speakers of European Portuguese. The results collected through a scalar grammaticality judgment task suggest that: 1) there is a relevant difference between the late L2 speakers of elementary and upper intermediate level, a fact that indicates that multiple wh-questions can be acquired, despite their scarce presence in input; 2) in the case of late acquisition, the reconfiguration of features of WH-phrases does not seem to present many difficulties; however, the reconfiguration of the head C of CP with respect to the feature [T] seems to involve higher costs; 3) the acquisition process in formal instruction contexts is faster, if compared to the acquisition in naturalistic settings; 4) the steady state of early arrivals is identical to the steady state of native Portuguese speakers.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Língua portuguesa - Aquisição linguística Língua portuguesa - Interrogação (Linguística) Língua portuguesa - Estudo e ensino - Estrangeiros Língua portuguesa - Sintaxe Teses de doutoramento - 2019