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Intelligence, investigações criminais preliminares: da admissibilidade do método de obtenção de fonte de prova pela vigilância técnica
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O presente trabalho versa sobre o estudo e análise da (i)licitude do emprego e/ou aproveitamento de informações decorrentes de “ações operacionais de inteligência policial” consubstanciarem, ou não, método oculto de obtenção (não) proibido de prova, pelas autoridades com poderes de promover investigação criminal preliminar segundo visão comparativa das normas que integram os ordenamentos jurídico luso brasileiro: O caso da vigilância. Ante a necessidade de investigar e controlar o crime organizado, tornou-se importante temas orientados para prevenção e segurança, que escapam o monopólio do direito penal para abranger vários outros regimes jurídicos que incluam leis de inteligência e de polícia, entre outras. O Estado tem que estar apto para responder a essas novas demandas. No contraponto entre inteligência e investigação, aquela volta-se para o conhecimento e esta, à busca de provas de autoria e materialidade. A partir do estudo sobre a licitude do aproveitamento das ações operacionais de inteligência consubstanciarem ou não método oculto não proibido de obtenção de prova, pelas autoridades com poderes para promover investigação criminal segundo visão comparativa das normas que integram os ordenamentos jurídicos luso brasileiro, principalmente quando considerado decisões do Tribunal Constitucional Alemão que anularam poderes dos órgãos de inteligência usados para a coleta de informações, avalia-se as atividades de controle das atividades policial e acusatória do Ministério Público Luso-Brasileiro. Urge compreender o conceito, a caracterização e a intersecção de investigação e inteligência como método de obtenção de fonte de prova para responder à questão central do presente trabalho sobre a admissibilidade das informações de inteligência policial no processo penal. Foram comparados os sistemas jurídicos dos dois países, Brasil e Portugal, para analisar os pontos comuns e divergentes acerca da admissão das atividades de inteligência como método de obtenção não proibido de prova.
The present work deals with the study and analysis of the (un)lawfulness of employment and/or use of information arising from "operational police intelligence actions" whether or not to substantiate a hidden method of obtaining (not) prohibited evidence, by the authorities with powers to promote preliminary criminal investigation according to a comparative view of the norms that make up the Portuguese-Brazilian legal systems: The case of surveillance. Faced with the need to investigate and control organized crime, issues oriented towards prevention and security have become important, which escape the monopoly of criminal law to encompass several other legal regimes that include intelligence and police laws, among others. The State has to be able to respond to these new demands. In the counterpoint between intelligence and investigation, the former turns to knowledge and the latter to the search for proof of authorship and materiality. From the study on the lawfulness of the use of operational intelligence actions to substantiate or not a hidden, non-prohibited method of obtaining evidence, by the authorities with powers to promote criminal investigation according to a comparative view of the norms that integrate the Portuguese-Brazilian legal systems, especially when considered German Constitutional Court rulings that annulled the powers of the intelligence agencies used to collect information, assesses the control of police and prosecuting activities of the Luso-Brazilian Public Ministry. It is urgent to understand the concept, characterization and intersection of investigation and intelligence as a method of obtaining a source of evidence to answer the central question of the present work on the admissibility of police intelligence information in criminal proceedings. The legal systems of the two countries, Brazil and Portugal, were compared to analyze the common and divergent points regarding the admission of intelligence activities as a non-prohibited method of obtaining evidence.
The present work deals with the study and analysis of the (un)lawfulness of employment and/or use of information arising from "operational police intelligence actions" whether or not to substantiate a hidden method of obtaining (not) prohibited evidence, by the authorities with powers to promote preliminary criminal investigation according to a comparative view of the norms that make up the Portuguese-Brazilian legal systems: The case of surveillance. Faced with the need to investigate and control organized crime, issues oriented towards prevention and security have become important, which escape the monopoly of criminal law to encompass several other legal regimes that include intelligence and police laws, among others. The State has to be able to respond to these new demands. In the counterpoint between intelligence and investigation, the former turns to knowledge and the latter to the search for proof of authorship and materiality. From the study on the lawfulness of the use of operational intelligence actions to substantiate or not a hidden, non-prohibited method of obtaining evidence, by the authorities with powers to promote criminal investigation according to a comparative view of the norms that integrate the Portuguese-Brazilian legal systems, especially when considered German Constitutional Court rulings that annulled the powers of the intelligence agencies used to collect information, assesses the control of police and prosecuting activities of the Luso-Brazilian Public Ministry. It is urgent to understand the concept, characterization and intersection of investigation and intelligence as a method of obtaining a source of evidence to answer the central question of the present work on the admissibility of police intelligence information in criminal proceedings. The legal systems of the two countries, Brazil and Portugal, were compared to analyze the common and divergent points regarding the admission of intelligence activities as a non-prohibited method of obtaining evidence.
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Palavras-chave
investigação criminal método de prova proibido admissão de prova processo penal criminalidade organizada Intelligence criminal investigation prohibited method of evidence admission of evidence criminal procedure organized crime