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Efeitos da abertura ao exterior da economia chinesa
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A China tem-se insurgido na cena mundial como, provavelmente, o maior fenómeno
económico, um "gigante" em crescente ascensão. Ao longo das ultimas décadas, desde a
aplicação de reformas e abertura ao exterior, a China testemunhou grandes mudanças e
tem conseguido êxitos no âmbito do desenvolvimento económico e social.
A entrada da China na OMC simboliza a sua plena integração no sistema comercial
internacional, assim como uma nova fase de abertura ao exterior mais elevada, e uma
participação integral na cooperação económica internacional.
Em termos políticos, a China surge, actualmente, no topo da hierarquia internacional. A
sua estabilidade política garantiu um ciclo de crescimento económico acelerado nas
ultimas décadas, o que alterou a geografia económica da Ásia e, consequentemente
tomou a China num importante player na geopolítica da Ásia.
O objectivo do presente trabalho será o de estudar a evolução da Ásia, a partir do final
da Guerra Fria, e analisar o posicionamento da China em relação aos restantes países da
região Ásia-Pacifico. Em que medida a emergência da China como potência económica
na região pode representar uma ameaça para a maioria dos "tigres asiáticos", e quais os
elementos fundamentais da integração regional na Ásia. Outra questão relevante a ser
abordada neste trabalho é a democratização da China, tendo em conta que a Ásia tem
estado no caminho da democratização desde meados dos anos 80. Pretende-se saber se a
economia de mercado socialista chinesa é compatível com um sistema político
autoritário, e analisar o facto do crescimento económico chinês também poder estimular
desenvolvimentos políticos, e uma forma de fazer política mais aberta, mais pluralista,
logo, mais democrática.
China has emerged on the intemational stage, as an economic power, a "giant" which continues to grow. Over the past decades, since the introduction of reforms and with the opening of the economy, China has witnessed significant changes and obtained high success rates in its economical and social development. China's entry in the World Trade Organization (WTO) mirrors its full integration in the intemational trade system, as well as a new phase in a greater opening of the economy, and as a member of the intemational cooperation system. In politicai terms, China now appears at the top of the intemational pyramid. Its politicai stability has allowed it to enter a cycle of accelerating economic growth over the past decades, which has changed the economic landscape of Asia, consequently making China an important player in Asian geopolitics. The goal of this working paper is to study the evolution of Asia since the Cold War and to analyse China's position with respect to other countries in the Asian-Paciflc region. In what measure the appearance of China as an economic power in the region may represent a threat to the majority of "Asian Tigers", and what the fundamental elements of the regional integration in Asia are. Another relevant issue discussed is China's democratization, taking into account that Asia has been in a democratic process since the mid eighties. The issue is whether a Chinese socialist economy is compatible with an authoritarian politicai system, and the fact that Chinese economic growth may also stimulate politicai development, in order to make politics more open, plural and therefore democratic.
China has emerged on the intemational stage, as an economic power, a "giant" which continues to grow. Over the past decades, since the introduction of reforms and with the opening of the economy, China has witnessed significant changes and obtained high success rates in its economical and social development. China's entry in the World Trade Organization (WTO) mirrors its full integration in the intemational trade system, as well as a new phase in a greater opening of the economy, and as a member of the intemational cooperation system. In politicai terms, China now appears at the top of the intemational pyramid. Its politicai stability has allowed it to enter a cycle of accelerating economic growth over the past decades, which has changed the economic landscape of Asia, consequently making China an important player in Asian geopolitics. The goal of this working paper is to study the evolution of Asia since the Cold War and to analyse China's position with respect to other countries in the Asian-Paciflc region. In what measure the appearance of China as an economic power in the region may represent a threat to the majority of "Asian Tigers", and what the fundamental elements of the regional integration in Asia are. Another relevant issue discussed is China's democratization, taking into account that Asia has been in a democratic process since the mid eighties. The issue is whether a Chinese socialist economy is compatible with an authoritarian politicai system, and the fact that Chinese economic growth may also stimulate politicai development, in order to make politics more open, plural and therefore democratic.
Descrição
Mestrado em Economia Internacional.
Palavras-chave
crescimento económico Zonas Económicas Especiais (ZEE) Organização Mundial do Comercio (OMC) integração regional democracia China economic growth Special Economic Zones regional integration democracy trade organization
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Sardinha, Nuno Miguel Teixeira (2006). " Efeitos da abertura ao exterior da economia chinesa". Dissertação de Mestrado. Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão.
Editora
ISEG