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A novel approach for wheat germplasm evaluation: bridging high temperature tolerance and grain quality
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Wheat is an essential crop for food and feed, due to its nutritional value and unique aptitude
to produce gluten and their derived food products. It is thus essential to understand how increasingly
common extreme weather events like heatwaves, defined as short periods of high temperatures (HT),
affect wheat grain production and quality, and transcriptomic modulation. Thus, in order to identify
wheat varieties with increased tolerance to HT, the objective of this work focused on the
characterization of the already referred parameters in plants of several commercial varieties
recommended to be used nowadays in Portugal and traditional varieties, submitted to high
temperatures during grain filling.
Using molecular markers, we showed that commercial genotypes have predicted good grain
technological quality, based on the allelic composition of genes related with grain composition. Most
commercial and traditional genotypes showed negative effects, induced by heatwave-like treatment,
revealed by a decrease in grain number and weight, while protein content was increased. Also,
through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis, we denoted the
occurrence of alterations in grain polysaccharide composition induced by HT. Additionally, HT
increased protein content variability in landraces and reduced it on commercial varieties.
Regarding transcriptomic profiles assessed immediately after the HT treatment, traditional
varieties revealed a significantly higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), that
include genes coding for heat shock proteins and cupins, and more similar HT responses than
commercial varieties. Furthermore, Bancal and landraces DEGs appear to be more associated with
several metabolic pathways, while in Antequera DEGs were preferentially related with transcription
modulation and RNA and protein synthesis
Descrição
Doutoramento em Biologia / Instituto Superior de Agronomia. Universidade de Lisboa
Palavras-chave
bread wheat genetic diversity heatwave grain composition grain transcriptomics
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Tomás, D.R.S. - A novel approach for wheat germplasm evaluation: bridging high temperature tolerance and grain quality. Lisboa: ISA, 2022, 255 p.