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Abstract(s)
As aeronaves não tripuladas e UAS, constituem uma realidade atual no direito aéreo. Seu uso vem se popularizando cada vez mais e passou a ser relevante não somente em âmbito militar, mas também em âmbito civil. O presente estudo buscou analisar os principais diplomas normativos sobre o tema, os quais estabelecem as regras necessárias para garantir a segurança de pessoas, animais ou bens durante a operação dos UAS. Foram estudados diplomas internacionais como a Convenção de Chicago e Circulares da ICAO, Regulamentos europeus e a legislação nacional portuguesa. O estudo focou-se na análise ao Regulamento de Execução (UE) 2019/947 e ao Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/945 publicados em 2019 com regras
específicas sobre o fabrico, comercialização, operação e uso das aeronaves não tripuladas, que estejam em conformidade com as normas europeias, no espaço aéreo europeu. O Regulamento de Execução (UE) 2019/947 divide as operações envolvendo os UAS de acordo com os riscos existentes, a fim de criar regras mais ou menos rigorosas que mitiguem os riscos de colisões no espaço aéreo. O Regulamento de Execução (UE) 2019/947 também disciplina o registo das aeronaves e dos operadores, com a atribuição de um número de registo digital único. O Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/945 acrescenta disposições sobre a avaliação de
conformidade a ser realizada nos UAS, a aposição da marcação CE, e obrigações dos fabricantes e dos operadores económicos sejam eles importadores ou distribuidores. Outros diplomas também foram estudados a fim de verificar o regime aplicável no caso de responsabilização por eventuais danos causados por aeronaves não tripuladas.
Unmanned aircraft and UAS-Unmanned Aircraft Systems are a current reality in aviation law. Its use has become increasingly popular and has become relevant not only in the military sphere, but also in the civil sphere. This study sought to analyze the main legal provisions about UAS, which establish the necessary rules to guarantee the safety of people, animals or goods during UAS’ operation. International legal provisions such as the Chicago Convention and ICAO Circulars, European Regulations and Portuguese national legislation were studied. The focus of this study was the analysis of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 and the Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 published in 2019 with specific rules on the manufacture, marketing, operation and use of unmanned aircraft, which are required to be in compliance with European standards in European airspace. The Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 divides operations involving UAS according to existing risks in order to create more or less stringent rules that mitigate the risks of airspace collisions. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 also regulates the registration of aircraft and operators, with the issuance of a unique digital registration number. The Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 adds provisions on the compliance procedure to be carried out in the UAS, the affixing of the CE marking, and obligations of manufacturers and economic operators whether importers or distributors. Other provisions have also been studied in order to verify the applicable regime in the case of liability for any damage caused by unmanned aircraft.
Unmanned aircraft and UAS-Unmanned Aircraft Systems are a current reality in aviation law. Its use has become increasingly popular and has become relevant not only in the military sphere, but also in the civil sphere. This study sought to analyze the main legal provisions about UAS, which establish the necessary rules to guarantee the safety of people, animals or goods during UAS’ operation. International legal provisions such as the Chicago Convention and ICAO Circulars, European Regulations and Portuguese national legislation were studied. The focus of this study was the analysis of the Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 and the Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 published in 2019 with specific rules on the manufacture, marketing, operation and use of unmanned aircraft, which are required to be in compliance with European standards in European airspace. The Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 divides operations involving UAS according to existing risks in order to create more or less stringent rules that mitigate the risks of airspace collisions. Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/947 also regulates the registration of aircraft and operators, with the issuance of a unique digital registration number. The Delegated Regulation (EU) 2019/945 adds provisions on the compliance procedure to be carried out in the UAS, the affixing of the CE marking, and obligations of manufacturers and economic operators whether importers or distributors. Other provisions have also been studied in order to verify the applicable regime in the case of liability for any damage caused by unmanned aircraft.
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Keywords
Direito aéreo Drones Aeronave não tripulada Regulamentação União Europeia Teses de mestrado - 2021